云南甘薯地方主栽品种收集与脱毒复壮研究

为了更好地促进云南甘薯生产，收集云南地方主栽甘薯品种27个进行田间评价，并对其中的6个品种脱毒后进行田间对比试验。试验表明，有些品种产量较高，如‘普洱黄山芋’，产量达20.04 t/hm²，‘丘北白皮’亦达15.60 t/hm²；有些品种品质较好，如‘研和板栗薯’和‘华坪紫心’等；‘研和板栗薯’、‘建水灰薯’、‘华坪紫心’、‘马龙紫薯’、‘昆明紫薯’和‘建水紫薯’6个品种，脱毒后薯块平均增产幅度为175.8%；其中‘建水灰薯’脱毒后产量达24.00 t/hm²，比对照增产16.0 t/hm²，增幅为200.1%。通过脱毒，可以显著提高目前云南主栽甘薯品种的产量，更好为甘薯生产服务。

Evaluation of Virus-free Native Cultivars of Sweet Potato in Yunnan Province

For the purpose of making better use of sweet potato native cultivars in Yunnan, we collected and evaluated 27 native sweet potato cultivars in Yunnan, and the 6 native sweet potatoes were had virus-free. The results showed some of native cultivar were of high yield, such as ‘Puer Huangshu’(20.04 t/hm2), ‘Qiubei Beipi’(15.60 t/hm2), some were of high quality, such as ‘Yanhe Banlishu’ and ‘Huapin Zixin’. After removing virus by shoot apex culture, the yields of six native sweet potato were had virus-free, ‘Yanhe Banlishu’, ‘Jianshui Huishu’, ‘Huaping Zixin’, ‘Malong Zishu’, ‘Kunming Zishu’, ‘ianshui Zishu’ increased by 175.8%-200.1%. , the yield of ‘Jianshui Huishu’ was 24.00 t/hm2, increased by 200.1%. It is recommended to collect the native sweet potato and remove the virus by shoot apex culture. It will provide useful sweet potato cultivar for production.