中国畜禽粪便资源量评估的排泄系数取值

为探究不同畜禽粪便的日排泄系数的合理取值,以便评估中国畜禽粪便资源量。本研究分析比较全国各个地区相关的研究报道,结果表明,以全国为整体对畜禽排泄系数取值差异很大,除奶牛为13.53%外,对其他各种畜禽排泄系数取值的变异系数范围为16.18%~40.02%。在基于地区研究的取值中,主要畜禽排泄系数取值的差异也很大,如在华北、东北、华东、中南和西南5个地区对猪排泄系数取值的变异系数范围为28.31%~45.88%。这主要因为多数研究不加甄别引用他人文献取值,引用可靠实测数据较少,没有给出原因将若干前人数据进行平均取值较多。本研究应用前人可信报道和实测的数据,对猪、奶牛和蛋鸡的排泄系数按6个地区结合种群结构进行取值,对役用牛、肉牛、肉鸡和鸭鹅的排泄系数按6个地区进行取值,对羊、马、驴、骡、骆驼和兔按全国进行取值,获得一组目前最合理的畜禽排泄系数取值,并建议加强研究以建立一套完整排泄系数取值的标准规范。

Value-taking of livestock and poultry excreta factor in China

To explore the reasonable value-taking of different livestock and poultry excreta factor (EF) and assess the resource of livestock and poultry excrement resource in China,the related conclusions of previous researchers are summarized in this study.The results show that the differentiation of value-taking on nationwide is very big.In addition to the dairy cow is 13.53%,the EF variable coefficient of other livestock and poultry ranges from 16.18 to 40.02.The EF variable coefficient of value-taking based on regional research is also big,e.g.the EF variable coefficients of pig in North China,Northeast China,East China,Central south China and Southeast China range from 28.31% to 45.88%.This is mainly because of most researches quoting other''s value without discrimination,the lack of reliable data based on experiment and averaging of others'' values without any reasons.This review quotes reliable values and data based on experiment,determines the EF value of pig,dairy cow and layer by six regions as well as its'' population structure,determines the EF value of draft cattle,beef cattle,broiler chicken,duck and goose by six regions,determines the EF value of sheep,horse,donkey,mule,camel and rabbit in nationwide,then obtains a group of most reasonable EF value.Strengthening the research to establish an integrated standard of EF value-taking is proposed in this review.