| 东北地区奶牛夏季热应激对其行为和产奶量的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 鲁煜建,王朝元,赵浩翔,董礼,施正香,李保明. 东北地区奶牛夏季热应激对其行为和产奶量的影响[J]. 农业工程学报, 2018, 34(16): 225-231 |
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| 作者姓名： | 鲁煜建 王朝元 赵浩翔 董礼 施正香 李保明 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院;农业农村部设施农业工程重点实验室;北京市畜禽健康养殖环境工程技术研究中心 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家奶牛产业技术体系（CARS-36） |
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| 摘 要： | 为研究奶牛夏季热应激对其行为和产奶量的影响,该文选取了东北地区典型的舍饲散养奶牛场,通过对整个夏季牛舍环境指标以及奶牛阴道温度、行为参数和产奶性能的连续监测,探究了东北地区奶牛热应激状况及其对行为和生产性能的影响。结果表明,夏季该场奶牛经历轻度和中度热应激的时间分别占40.9%和17.9%,每天12:00—20:00是中度热应激高发时段。从轻度到中度热应激,奶牛的核心体温(core body temperature,CBT)从38.8℃上升到39.3℃,且其体温变化滞后于环境参数的变化。由无热应激到中度热应激,奶牛躺卧时间比例从51.3%下降至42.3%,站立时间则相应增加。当日均温湿指数(temperature-humidity index,THI)大于75时,奶牛产奶量显著降低9.2%(P0.05)。东北地区夜间开放运动场,有利于奶牛缓解白天热应激的影响,降低减产损失。
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| 关 键 词： | 动物；温度；奶牛；热应激；行为规律；产奶量；运动场 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-03-17 |
| 修稿时间： | 2018-07-14 |
Effect of heat stress of dairy cow on its behavior and milk yield in Northeastern China |
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| Lu Yujian,Wang Chaoyuan,Zhao Haoxiang,Dong Li,Shi Zhengxiang and Li Baoming. Effect of heat stress of dairy cow on its behavior and milk yield in Northeastern China[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2018, 34(16): 225-231 |
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| Authors: | Lu Yujian Wang Chaoyuan Zhao Haoxiang Dong Li Shi Zhengxiang Li Baoming |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Agricultural Structure and Biological Engineering, College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China;,1. Department of Agricultural Structure and Biological Engineering, College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China; 3. Beijing Engineering Research Center on Animal Healthy Environment, Beijing 100083, China.,1. Department of Agricultural Structure and Biological Engineering, College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China;,1. Department of Agricultural Structure and Biological Engineering, College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China;,1. Department of Agricultural Structure and Biological Engineering, College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China; 3. Beijing Engineering Research Center on Animal Healthy Environment, Beijing 100083, China. and 1. Department of Agricultural Structure and Biological Engineering, College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China; 3. Beijing Engineering Research Center on Animal Healthy Environment, Beijing 100083, China. |
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| Abstract: | |
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| Keywords: | animals temperature cow heat stress behavioral pattern milk yield open playing field |
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