无人值守太阳能自动翻晒装置设计与试验

传统的人工晾晒存在易受天气影响、劳动强度大（晾晒中需频繁翻动）、场地要求高（收获高峰期农民无奈选择道路晾晒）等问题。针对上述问题，本文给出了一套无人值守太阳能自动翻晒防水晾晒装置的设计方案。该装置采用软体防水式晒谷袋，上沿设有快收功能的拉链或抽绳，拉动拉链或抽绳即可快速收拢稻谷避雨，可降低天气影响带来的风险；采用AB两组气囊的形式，辅助太阳能供电的自动翻晒控制系统实现自动翻晒，大大节省劳动力的投入；两组气囊轮流露出吸热，使谷物上下两面同时受热，提高晾晒效率；晒谷袋设有防水底层，可利用刚收割完正空闲着的稻田来晾晒稻谷，把广阔的耕地种植区变成农产品的临时晒场，打破了晾晒场地的限制，可有效解决马路晒谷问题。制作了具有自动翻晒气囊的防水晒谷袋和自动翻晒控制系统样机，设计了样机与传统晾晒法的对比试验，试验结果表明，两种方式在等量稻谷、相同含水量、相同铺摊面积的初始条件下，自动翻晒防水晾晒装置的含水量下降速度，比传统的人工晾晒法提高了39.3%。 

Design and Test of Unattended Solar Automatic Grain Drying Equipment

Farmers generally prefer solar drying for agricultural products drying when weather conditions are allowed.However，traditional artificial solar drying（TASD）has many problems，such as easy to be affected by the weather，rainy mildew and germination；high labor intensity（need to pave and furl in the morning and evening，and tedding frequently during drying）；lots of requirement to sunning ground（farmers have to choose road to dry for sunning ground limited，and then cause to traffic safety，vehicle rolling loss，and secondary pollution risk of emissions from cars，and benzene volatilization from asphalt road）.To solve above problems，a set of unattended solar automatic grain tedding and drying equipment（USAGTDE）was developed.USAGTDE adopts a soft waterproof type drying bag with zipper or pulling rope for fast grain gathering.It greatly reduce the risk from sudden raining.And it can be used as temporary sunning ground in paddy field after harvest，and then effectively solve the problem caused by drying on the road.Two sets of air bags are used in USAGTDE，assist with it automatic grain tedding system powered by solar，it greatly save labor inputs and improve the efficiency of drying.A prototype of USAGTDE was built and a relevant test between USAGTDE and TASD was conducted.Test results showed that water loss rate of USAGTDE was increased 39.3% compare with TASD.It proved feasibility and actual application effect of proposed USAGTDE，and also indicated that proposed USAGTDE has widely prospect in actual grain drying applications.