家庭生命周期、社会资本与农户生计策略研究

基于家庭生命周期视角,采用农户实地调查数据,运用Mlogit回归模型,分析社会资本对农户生计策略产生的影响。结果表明:湖北农村家庭的兼业化程度较高,家庭结构呈现"纺锤形"分布,社会资本积累会促使农户选择偏非农型的生计策略。通过检验社会资本的影响机制,发现社会资本在家庭生命周期对生计策略的影响中既存在调节作用,又存在部分中介作用,其中介效应的大小为35.2%。为促进农户生计多样化,加强农户抗风险能力,防止生命周期阶段两端的家庭遭受生计风险,建议政府通过职业教育或者技能培训提高农户的人力资本,加强对农户资金、贷款方面的支持,扩大农户的社会网络。

Study on family life cycle, social capital and rural households' livelihood strategy

Based on the perspective of family life cycle, this study analyses the impact of social capital on farmers'' livelihood strategy by adopting field survey data and using Mlogit regression model. The results showed that the rural families in Hubei Province had a higher degree of part-time incorporation, and the family structure showed a "spindle-shaped" distribution. The accumulation of social capital would encourage farmers to choose partial non-agricultural livelihood strategies. By examining the influence mechanism of social capital, it was found find that there were both regulating and partial mediating effects of social capital in the impact of family life cycle on livelihood strategies. The size of intermediary effect was 35.2%. In order to promote the diversification of farmer households'' livelihood, strengthen the anti-risk ability of farmers and prevent families at both ends of the life cycle from livelihood risks, the government should increase human capital of farmers through vocational education or skills training, as well as strengthen support to farmers'' funds and loans as well as to expand farmers'' social network.