苹果损伤力学特性

为了减少采摘机器人在采摘苹果的过程中对苹果果皮造成挤压和碰撞等机械损伤，对苹果机械损伤规律进行研究。以成熟红富士苹果为试验材料，采用CMT6502型精密型微控电子万能试验机进行压缩试验。通过分析苹果方块受压时的力学特性，建立其受压力学模型，计算得到苹果的抗压弹性模量为2.091 MPa，受压时的最大弹性限度0.130 MPa，苹果方块受压时的弹性模量变化基本保持在5~7 MPa。当苹果方块受到的应力值达到其下屈服极限0.125 MPa时，苹果方块形变加快。此研究可为苹果的机械损伤做出较为合理的预判。 

Mechanical Properties of Apple Picking Damage

In order to reduce apple damage of extrusion and collision caused by machine during apple picking，mechanical damage law of apple was studied.A compressive test was carried out on precision micro controlled electronic universal testing machine with red Fuji apple at mature state as test material.Through analyzing mechanical characteristics of apple compression，mechanical model was established.By calculating，compressive elastic modulus of apple was 2.091MPa，maximum elastic limit was 0.130 MPa;and when apple was compressed，elastic modulus of compression remained at the scope of 5~7 MPa.When stress value of apple reached its yield limit 0.125 MPa，deformation of apple was accelerated.This study can be used to make a reasonable prediction of mechanical damage of apple.