基于半集中式理念的城市污水处理与回用——德国DEUS 21 示范项目介绍

为实现城市的可持续发展，一个非常适用、经济可行的新理念——分散式或半集中式水处理系统正受到越来越多的关注。德国Fraunhofer IGB承担了DEUS 21研究项目，并将半集中式理念在柯尼特林根进行了示范应用研究。污水处理系统的核心单元是厌氧膜生物反应器（AnMBR），运行结果表明，装置出水COD浓度相对较低，无颗粒物，几乎没有致病菌，并且营养元素氮和磷的浓度相对较高，可回用于农业生产或绿化。这种半集中式水处理模式非常适合那些气候温暖、需要灌溉用水并且还没有污水处理设施的地区，能够实现水、营养元素和能量的几乎闭合循环 

Semi-Centralised Urban Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Introduction of DEUS 21

To ensure sustainable development of urban areas，a relatively new and very relevant and economically viable concept of decentralised or semi-centralised systems is gaining increasing interest.Fraunhofer IGB undertook the project DEUS 21 funded by BMBF of Germany，and carried out demonstration study on concept of semi-centralised urban infrastructure systems in Knittlingen.Anaerobic membrane bioreactor（AnMBR） technology has been successfully used as key process in wastewater treatment.Plant operation showed that，effluent of wastewater treatment plant was characterized by a relatively low concentration of organic substances（COD），no particles，almost no pathogenic microorganisms，and a relatively high concentration of nutrients ammonium and phosphate.This kind of effluent could be reused for agriculture and green land irrigation.The semi-centralised concept is suited best for implementation in regions with warm climate and a demand for irrigation water，in which no wastewater treatment exists yet.This approach could lead to a system of almost closed cycles of water，nutrients and energy.