人工阔叶红松林种间关系分析及调控技术

对辽宁东部山区人工营造的白桦-红松和色赤杨-红松混交林,应用解析木法分析红松与阔叶树的直径、树高生长动态、径级分布及种间关系动态变化的研究。结果表明:人工阔叶红松混交林在1～8年生时,红松与阔叶树占据各自营养空间,种间关系较为协调,同时充分发挥了阔叶伴生树种的辅佐功能,明显地改善了红松生长所需的光照条件,促进混交林中红松的直径、树高生长,种间关系处于相对稳定状态;8～12年生间,混交林的种间关系处于竞争初期,此时混交林中红松的胸径、树高生长量开始下降,在12年生后,种间关系矛盾日趋加剧并进入竞争盛期,在竞争中,阔叶树生长迅速,红松生长受到明显压抑,行状混交林在无人为调控措施下,红松将逐渐枯死而形成阔叶纯林。据此认为在人工阔叶红松林培育过程中,必须适时采取疏伐等措施调整阔叶树的比例,缓解种间关系,以充分发挥混交林的多种效益。

Interspecific Relation and Adjustment Technique for Artificial Broad-leaved Korean Pine Forest

An experiment was conducted to study the dynamic changes in diameter at breast height,tree height,diameter class distribution,and interspecific relationship in birch-Korean pine,Japanese alder-Korean pine mixed forest in eastern Liaoning mountainous areas by stem analysis.Results indicated that young trees held their nutrient spaces without interspecific competition in mixed forest during the first 8 years,exhibiting relatively harmonized interspecific relations.At this stage,the auxiliary functions of the associated tree species brought into play,which obviously improved the microclimate and promoted the growth of Korean pine.During the 8th and 12th years,the interspecific competition was in the initial stage judging from the decline of increments of diameter at breast height and tree height.After the 12th year,the interspecific competition was gradually intense and reached the competition peak.The broadleaved tree grew faster than Korean pine whose growth was obviously restrained,or gradually died down and withered.Due to the variation characteristics of the interspecific relations in the mixed forest,suitable thinning measures in plantation management should be taken in time to adjust the interspecific relations of the mixed forest,so as to bring the multiple benefits of the mixed forest.