陕西乾县梨疫腐病发生与防治研究

[目的]针对陕西乾县梨产区梨疫腐病发生情况进行调研,找出引起病害发生的主要原因和病害防治的有效药剂。[方法]田间实地调查梨疫腐病发生情况,统计树体发病率和果实发病指数,进行不同药剂对梨疫腐病的田间防治试验。[结果]2010年7月份的过多降水过多和高温高湿天气是导致梨疫腐病在陕西乾县泔河梨区爆发的主要原因;果园排水不畅、栽植密度过大也是引起梨疫腐病大爆发的主要因素。64%杀毒矾WP、60%甲霜灵锰锌WP、80%乙磷铝WP对梨疫腐病的防治效果显著,梨果实套袋也是较为理想防病措施。[结论]梨园生产中应注意改善通风透光,加强果园排水能力,实施套袋栽培,选择对症的内吸性药剂防治疫腐病。

Occurrence and Control of Pear Blight Rot (Phytophtora cactorum ) in Qianxian of Shaanixi Provnce

[Objective] The paper was to investigate the occurrence condition of pear blight rot in pear-producing areas in Qianxian of Shannxi province,so as to find the main cause of the disease and the effective agents for the disease.[Method] The occurrence condition of pear blight rot was surveyed in field,the incidence rate of tree and incidence index of fruit were counted,and the field control test of different agents on pear blight rot was carried out.[Result] The major reasons for outbreak of pear blight rot in Ganhe pear-producing areas in Qianxian of Shannxi province were excessive rainfall and high temperature and humidity in July 2010,poor drainage in orchards and large planting density were also the main factors causing outbreak of pear blight rot.64% anti-virus alum WP,68% metalaxyl-mancozeb WP and 80% Yilin Lv WP had significant control effect on pear blight rot,fruit bagging was also an ideal measure for prevention of the disease.[Conclusion] Pear production should focus on improving the air and light condition,enhancing the drainage capacity of orchard and implementation of bagging cultivation,and the suction control agents should be selected to control pear blight rot.