钾肥和营养调节剂对烤烟含钾量及重金属含量的效应研究

通过田间试验,采用二元二次饱和D-最优设计,研究了钾肥与营养调节剂(NR)对烤烟产量、含钾量和重金属Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb含量的影响,并对烤烟中重金属Cd、Pb的潜在危害性进行了初步评估。结果表明:钾肥和营养调节剂(NR)配合施用能够显著提高烤烟的产量和含钾量,其中施高量钾并配施较高量NR的处理5效果最佳,与单施低量钾的处理1相比,产量增加了29.03%,上、中、下各部位烤烟含钾量分别增加了109.09%、115.54%和86.29%;钾肥配施营养调节剂(NR)有效地降低了烤烟重金属Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb含量,其中施较高用量钾并配施高量NR的处理6降低效果最明显,与单施低量钾的处理1相比,分别降低了27.30%,9.74%,34.46%,39.01%。供试烟区中烤烟重金属Cd、Pb的人均日暴露量都低于FAO/WHO规定的允许摄入量(ADI值),施用营养调节剂降低了烤烟重金属Cd、Pb人均日暴露量,从而降低了烤烟中重金属对人体的潜在危害性。

Study on the Effect of Potassium Fertilizer and the Nutrition Regulator on the Contents of Potassium and the Heavy Metals in Flue-cured Tobacco Leaves

To explore the effect of potassium fertilizer and the nutrition regulator(NR) on the yield of flue-cured tobacco and the contents of potassium and heavy metals(Cu,Zn,Cd and Pb) in flue-cured tobacco leaves,a field experiment was conducted.It was designed as the combined application of potassium fertilizer and NR with the duality-quadratic saturation D-optimization design.A primary evaluation was made about the potential harm of the heavy metals(Cd and Pb) in the flue-cured tobacco leaves to human bodies.The results showed that the combined application of potassium fertilizer and NR could increase the flue-cured tobacco yield significantly and enhance the potassium content in the flue-cured tobacco leaves.It had the best effect in the 5th treatment,the yield was 29.03% higher than the 1st treatment,the potassium contents in upper,middle and lower leaves were 109.09%,115.54% and 86.29%.At the same time,the combined application of potassium fertilizer and NR could decrease the heavy metals(Cu,Zn,Cd and Pb) content in flue-cured tobacco leaf significantly.It had the best effect in the 6th treatment,the content of Cu,Zn,Cd and Pb were 27.30%,9.74%,34.46% and 39.01% lower than the 1st treatment,respectively.The evaluation result showed that the quantity that a person exposes to heavy metals(Cd and Pb) in the flue-cured leaves per day under all treatments was lower than the ADI value that stipulated by the FAO/WHO.In the treatments which applied the NR the quantity were lower.So,the NR could reduce the potential harm of the heavy metal in flue-cured tobacco to human bodies.