不同类型籼稻区对杂交籼稻性状的影响

为明确不同稻作区对杂交籼稻表型的影响, 2014—2015年连续2年对种植于3个不同稻区(双季籼稻区、单季籼稻区和籼粳交错区)的40个籼稻杂交组合的农艺和抗病性状分析。结果表明,双季稻区和交错区对40个籼稻杂交组合农艺性状(生育期、株高、穗长、有效穗、穗总粒数、结实率、千粒重和产量)变化影响很大,而单季稻区的杂交组合性状表现居于双季稻区和交错区之间。双季稻区的穗颈瘟、纹枯病和白叶枯病严重,交错区是穗颈瘟和纹枯病严重。基于农艺性状和发病情况数据,采用特有性简约性分析法分析,40个杂交组合的综合表型在不同稻作区多数呈现连续分布,在交错区87.5%(35/40)的籼稻杂交组合综合表型发生聚集,单季稻区为75.0%(30/40),双季稻区为57.5%(23/40)。在交错区和双季稻区都适宜种植的籼稻杂交组合占比仅为2.5%(1/40),在双季稻和单季稻区都适宜的杂交组合占比为40.0%(16/40)。

Analysis of the environmental impacts on indica rice characteristics in different types of planting regions

In order to explore the environmental impacts on indica rice characteristics in three different types of double-season, one-season or indica-japonica cross planting regions. The variations of agronomic and disease resistance characters for 40 indica hybrid rices grown in the three regions in two consecutive years were analyzed. The results showed that the double-season and indica-japonica cross in two regions had significant effects on indica rice agronomic traits(growth duration, plant height, panicle length, effective tiller, total grains per panicle, seed setting rate, 1 000-grain weight and yield), while the traits of one-season region were between them. In the double-season region, panicle neck blast, sheath blight and bacterial blight diseases were severe, and the indica-japonica cross region was severely affected by of endemism panicle neck blight and sheath blight. Based on agronomic and disease characters data by parsimony analysis, it was found that most of the indica hybrid rices with similar agronomic and disease traits showed continuous distribution according to the different planting rice areas, i. e. , 87. 5% aggregation of the indica-japonica cross, 75. 0% aggregation of the one-season and 57. 5% aggregation of the double-season. The probability of indica hybrid rices suitable for planting in both indica-japonica cross and double-season regions was 2. 5%, and in the double-season and one-season regions was 40%.