安徽淮河流域大汶口文化时期的原始农业初探

大汶口文化时期是安徽淮河流域新石器时代文化发展的重要阶段,也是该地区原始农业发展的关键时期。作者梳理近年来的植物考古研究成果,本文认为:安徽淮河流域在大汶口文化时期阶段实现生业经济由低水平食物生产向原始农业为主体的转变,粟、黍的种植在本地区不断普及,与原有的稻作农业传统融合,呈现出以稻粟并重为特色的稻旱兼作种植模式。原始农业的发展受到气候变化和文化传播、发展的双重影响,大汶口文化晚期气候条件的改善和考古学文化的发展促进了原始农业的快速发展,而原始农业的发展也推动了大汶口文化晚期的繁荣局面。

A Preliminary Study on Prehistoric Agriculture During Dawenkou Culture Period in Huaihe River Basin of Anhui Province

Dawenkou culture period was an important stage for the development of Huaihe river basin in Anhui Province during the Neolithic Age, and a crucial period for the development of local prehistoric agriculture. By sorting out the research results of plant archaeology in recent years, this paper maintains that the subsistence transformation from low-level food production to prehistoric agriculture was realized in the Huaihe river basin of Anhui Province during Dawenkou culture period.The cultivation of millet and broomcorn millet was continuously popularized in this region, integrated with the original rice farming tradition, showing a rice-millet cropping pattern featuring both rice and millet. The development of prehistoric agriculture was affected by climate change and cultural communication and development. Overall, the improvement of climatic conditions and the development of archaeological culture in the late Dawenkou culture period promoted the rapid development of agriculture, and in turn the agricultural development also promoted the prosperity of the late Dawenkou culture.