山西华北落叶松种源幼林性状变异和种源区划分的研究

山西是华北落叶松的集中分布区，除主体分布在关帝山、管涔山、五台山和恒山以外，其余在太岳山的绵山、将台，好地方的北来沟、霍山的七里峪及阳高的六棱山等地均为星散分布的残遣小群体，生态条件差异大。对华北落叶松种源幼林（７年生）性状研究表明：种源间存在着显著差异，各性状与产地纬度存在着线性相关关系，在纬向上是单向渐变群的变异趋势。通过聚类分析划分为三个种源类群：晋北种源群和吕梁山脉中段种源群（含一些纬度偏南的残遗小群体，七里峪和好地方种源）生长快；而五台山──管涔山林区的边缘种源群，由于遗传分化，则与此相反；华北落叶松各产地的降水量是其种源变异的主导生态因子。

A STUDY OF THE CHARACTER VARIATIONS OF THE YOUNG STAND OF LARIX PRINCIPIS-RUPPRECHTII MAYR. IN THE PROVENANCES OF SHANXI PROVINCE

Abstract Shanxi is a major distribution area of Larix principis-rupprechtii Mayr. In addition to the concentrated distribution areas, including Guandi mountains, Guanqin mountains, Wutai mountains and Heng mountains, the sparsely distributed Larix. Principis-rupprechtii Mayr. can be also found in Mian Mountain and Jiangtai in Taiyue mountains. Beilaigou in Haodifang, Qiliyu in Huo mountain and Liuleng mountain in Yanggao. Ecological conditions vary greatly among the Larix Principis-rupprechtii Mayr.distributed areas. This study was carried out to investigate the species. The results showed that significant differences existed among the provenances, Linear correlation was found between each character and the latitude of the provenance. The provenances were classified into three groups through cluster analysis: (1) northern Shanxi provenance group; (2) the provenance group of the central section of Luliang mountains (including some residual small population), and (3) the provenance group of the edge areas of Wutaishan and Guanqinshan forest regions. Larix Principis-rupprechtii Mayr. in the first two groups grows fast, while in the third group, the species grows slowly due to genetic differentiation. In the production areas of Larix Principis-rupprechtii Mayr., precipitation is a predominant ecological factor causing provenance variations.