不同农艺措施对菜豆生产节水情况的影响

目的]探索菜豆生产的高效节水技术。方法]设置不同灌溉方式和不同农艺措施的处理,研究不同处理对菜豆生长和水分利用的影响。结果]滴灌能明显降低耗水量,比畦灌减少耗水量30.0%,耗水强度也明显降低了,菜豆产量和水分生产效率均显著提高了,增产率为25.5%,水分生产效率提高了7.83kg/mm。在畦灌条件下,不同农艺措施之间耗水总量和耗水强度差异不大,但产量和水分生产效率差异较大。种衣剂和叶面肥处理的产量及水分生产效率显著高于对照的,增产率分别为21.1%和12.0%,水分生产效率分别提高2.48和1.70kg/mm。根瘤菌与对照之间产量和水分生产效率差异不大。结论]菜豆采用滴灌节水效果虽然较好,但一次性投资较大,应因地制宜采用。

Study on Water-saving Conditions of Different Agronomic Measures on the Production of Kidney Bean

Objective] The aim of the research was to discuss the high-efficient water-saving technology in the production of kidney bean. Method] Treatments with different irrigation modes and different agronomic measures were set up to study the effects of different treatments on the growth and water utilization of kidney bean. Result] Drip irrigation could reduce water consumption obviously, 30.0 % lower than border irrigation, and the water consumption intensity was also obviously decreased. Both the yield and water production efficiency were significantly increased, the yield-increasing rate was 25.5 %, water production efficiency was increased by 7.83 kg/mm. Under the conditions of border irrigation, the total quantity of water consumption and water consumption intensity among different agronomic measures had little difference, but the differences of yield and water production efficiency had greater differences. The yield and water production efficiency in the treatments of seed coating agent and leaf fertilizer were significantly higher than that of CK, their yield-increasing rate were 21.1 % and 12.0 % respectively and water production efficiency were increased by 2.48 and 1.70 kg/mm respectively. The yield and water production efficiency between rhizobium and CK had little difference. Conclusion] Though taking drip irrigation in the production of kidney bean had better water-saving effects, one-time investment was greater. So it should be taken according to local conditions.