应用~(15)N研究小麦花生两熟制氮肥分配方式对小麦、花生产量及N肥利用率的影响

在小麦花生两熟制条件下 ,全年氮肥两作 3次施用 (小麦基肥、追肥和花生基肥 )氮素利用率为 3 2 52 % ,一作两次施用 (小麦基肥和追肥 )氮素利用率为 3 7 0 1 % ,但前者土壤残留多 ,损失少 ,氮肥回收率为 69 2 4% ,较后者高 1 2 0 3个百分点。且前者有利于小麦、花生产量的形成 ,是小麦花生两熟制适宜的施肥方式。小麦当茬氮肥利用率为 1 6 80 %～ 3 5 63 %。夏直播花生当茬及前茬小麦基肥和追肥 (拔节期 )的氮肥利用率分别为 2 3 70 %、6 57%～ 7 70 %和 1 0 0 3 %～ 1 2 73 % ;施肥时间和施肥量对氮肥利用率影响较大

EFFECT OF DISTRIBUTION MODES OF NITROGENOUS FERTILIZER ON WHEAT AND PEANUT YIELDS AND THE NITROGENOUS FERTILIZER UTILIZATION RATIO UNDER THE WHEAT PEANUT CROPPING SYSTEM

Under the condition of wheat peanut(summer) cropping system, the nitrogenous fertilizer utilization ratio(NFUR) was 32 52% when the total annual nitrogenous fertilizer was applied to both crops by three times (base and top dressing to wheat and base fertilizer to peanut, M 3) and was 37 01% when the total annual nitrogenous fertilizer was applied to wheat by twice(base and top dressing to wheat, M 2). The nitrogen fertilizer recovery ratio was 69 24% in M 3, 12 03% higher than that in M 2. The yields of wheat and peanut in M 3 were 7 7% and 3 4%, respectively, higher than that in M 2, showing that the M 3 was ideal fertilizer application mode under the wheat peanut cropping system. The NFUR was 16 08%～35 63% for wheat and was 23 70% for peanut. The NFUR was 6 57%～7 70% for wheat with the base fertilizer and was 10 03%～12 73% for wheat with top dressing fertilizer (elongation stage). Great effects of fertilizer applying time and rate on the NFUR were observed.