Ovarian activity in beef and dairy cows with prolonged postpartum period and heifers that fail to conceive |
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Authors: | N Yimer Y Rosnina H Wahid A A Saharee K C Yap P Ganesamurthi |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; |
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Abstract: | The primary objectives of this study were to investigate incidence of abnormal ovarian cyclicity (AOC) and its type in dairy
and beef cows with prolonged postpartum period (>90 days) and in heifers that fail to conceive. A total of 53 animals were
included in the study: 17 Friesian crosses, 16 Braford crosses, eight Brangus crosses, and 12 local Kedah-Kelantan (KKX) crosses.
These animals were initially checked for absence of pregnancy via palpation per rectum. Blood samples for progesterone analysis
were obtained twice a week for 2 to 3 months following their spontaneous oestrous cycle, and all animals were rechecked for
pregnancy at the end of the study. Progesterone analysis indicated that 33.9% of the total animals were having AOC: 18.9%
with cessation of ovarian cyclicity, 9.4% with prolonged luteal phases (PLP), and 5.7% short luteal phases. The highest incidence
was observed in Brangus crosses (62.5%), followed by Braford crosses (43.8%), and Friesian crosses (35.3%). In contrast, no
AOC was observed in the local KKX breeds, and all of them were found to be pregnant at the end of the study. A significant
difference (p < 0.05) in the incidence of AOC and its type was observed between Kedah-Kelantan crosses and the other breeds. Although not
significant (p > 0.05), Friesian crosses showed a higher percentage incidence of AOC than beef cows (40% vs 36.4%), with major types being
PLP (26.7%) in dairy and cessation of ovarian cycle (27.3%) in beef cows. Compared with beef heifers, beef cows showed a higher
percentage of AOC (36.4% vs 28.6%) where again, cessation of cyclicity was the predominant abnormality. In conclusion, AOC
reflected by abnormal endocrine pattern is a possible cause of reduction in fertility for dairy and beef cows beyond 90 days
postpartum and heifers that fail to conceive. |
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