伊犁河谷苹果冻害调查分析

在全面调查2008年伊犁河谷苹果冻害的基础上,研究分析了伊犁河谷苹果冻害及其防治技术。调查表明,调查区域内,苹果普遍发生了冻害,但多数区域苹果冻害在1-2级,程度较轻,冻害较重的地区较少。不同品种抗寒性有较大差异;伊犁州直地区苹果主栽品种中,红富士、红王将抗寒性较差。小环境在减轻果树冻害方面具有重要作用。伊犁河谷属于苹果适生区,但在特殊年份会造成大面积苹果冻害,总体上伊犁河谷西部冻害较重;不同苹果品种抗寒性差异较大;采取高位嫁接、营造防护林、增强树体营养等管理措施可有效降低冻害程度。

Investigation and Analysis on Cold Damage of Apple in Ili River Valley

The study was conducted to survey the cold damage and control techniques of apple in Ili River Valley based on the investigation of cold damage of apple in 2008. The result demoslrated that the cold damage of apple occurred by grade 1- 2, and the severe cold damage occurred in majority of area. It was foound that there were differences of cold damage between different varieties of apple, among which the main varieties Hongfushi and Hongwangjiang with poor cold resistance to cold were cultivated in Ili prefecture. Although Ili River Valley belongs to the suitable distribution for cultivated apple, the severe cold damage of apple in the great area would occur in the special years. In a word, the more severe cold damage of apple always occurred in the west part of Ili River Valley. Different varieties Of apple perform the different abilities of cold resistance. Therefore, the suggestions were given that the new graft techniques extension showld be built. The new forest management measures were advantageous to decreasing the grade of cold damage of apple.