韩国对家蚕及其产品的功能性研究进展

家蚕作为天然蛋白质纤维——蚕丝的生产者,为人类文明做出了巨大贡献。随着农村新兴产业的崛起和化纤产品的不断创新,原料茧生产效益和丝绸服饰性能方面的优势相对下降。在韩国,原料茧生产几乎消失,但以家蚕作为与健康有关的功能性素材的研究和开发利用却方兴未艾。例如:以蚕粉为原料研制的降血糖制剂,已被韩国食品和药物管理局认定为保健食品,自1995年以来已生产约3 000 t;家蚕具有富集食下桑叶中的1-脱氧野尻霉素(DNJ)的功能也被证明;雄蚕蛹(蛾)被开发为男性增进剂;对蚕粉、蚕尿及白僵蚕保健功能方面的研究也非常活跃。家蚕资源的多功能开发利用为蚕农增收做出了贡献。可以预言,家蚕及其产品作为功能性素材的开发利用,将成为韩国未来高附加值新型农业的发展方向之一。

Advances in Research on Functionality of Silkworm and Sericultural Products in Korea

As the producer of natural protein fiber——silk,silkworm has contributed greatly to the civilization of mankind.With the rise of novel rural industries and continuous innovation of chemical fiber products,the profit of raw cocoon production and advantage of silk fabrics as clothing material has been lowered.In Korea,production of raw cocoon has almost disappeared.In contrary,the research and development of healthcare functional products using silkworm as raw material has been making considerable progress.For instances,hypoglycemic agent prepared from silkworm powder has been approved as healthcare food product by Korean Food and Drug Administration.Its yield has reached 3 000 tons since 1995.The ability of silkworm to accumulate 1-deoxynojirimycin(DNJ) from feeding on mulberry leaves has been proved.Tonic agents for improvement of masculinity have been developed from male silkworm pupae and moths.Studies on healthcare functions of silkworm powder,silkworm urine and muscardine larvae are also very active.Multifunctional development and utilization of sericultural resources has contributed to the income increasing of sericultural farmers.It is predicted that the development and utilization of silkworm and related products as functional materials is one of the fields of future new-style agriculture with high additional value in Korea.