蔬菜日光温室问题调查与水肥一体化技术探讨

山西蔬菜日光温室近几年发展迅速,但由于盲目灌水、施肥、施药,造成水资源浪费、肥料利用率降低、土壤盐分积累、农产品污染及投资效益降低。本文通过对问题的调查,提出了水肥一体化技术设计方案,并进行了试验,节水量3482~4737m3/hm2,节肥率19.4%~39.0%,节药率48.3%,增加效益18000~25000元/hm2,并有显著生态、社会效益。

Problems with Greenhouse and Technology of Integrated Management of Water and Fertilizer

In recent years greenhouses are expanding rapidly for vegetable cultivation in Shanxi, but blindness in irrigation, fertilization and pesticide application in greenhouse cultivation are causing a series of problems, such as waste of water, lower fertilizer use efficiency, salt accumulation, contamination of farm produce and reduced benefit of investment. Based on findings of the investigation of these problems, a new technical scheme named integrated management of water and fertilizer, was recommended and tested. Results of the experiment indicated that the new technology saved water by 3482 - 4737 m^3/hm^2, fertilizer by 19.4% - 39.0%, and pesticide by 48.3%, thus increasing the benefit by 18000 - 25000 yuan/hm^2. Besides, it had also created remarkable ecological and societal benefits.