种植密度对冬小麦产量及其构成因素的影响

为确定冬小麦不同品种(系)的最佳种植密度,以小偃22、普冰176和32-62-6-2为材料,采用5个不同密度处理,研究了种植密度对小麦产量及其构成因素的影响.结果表明:小偃22、普冰176和32-62-6-2最佳种植密度分别为315、420、420万/hm2.3个冬小麦品种(系)的产量之间差异明显,有效穗数和穗粒数随密度的变化存在极显著差异,而千粒质量在相邻密度间差异较小.3个冬小麦品种(系)的三值产价随密度的增加,穗值产价呈下降的趋势,而粒值产价呈增加的趋势,重值产价总体上也呈增加趋势.因此,在相同栽培条件下,因品种特性的差异,对密度的要求并不完全相同,各有其侧重穗、粒、质量范围,使穗、粒、质量得到协调发展,从而获得最佳产量.此外,在保证有效穗数的基础上增加穗粒数和千粒质量对提高产量具有重要意义.

Effects of Planting Density on Yield and Yield Components of Winter Wheat

In order to select the optimal planting density for different winter wheat varieties. Using Xi-aoyan22, Pubingl76 and 32-62-6-2 thas test materials,and adopt five treats of different density, were studied the effects of planting density on yield and yield components of winter wheat were studied. The results showed that the optimal planting density of Xiaoyan22 was 3 ,150 ,000 plants per hm~2, the optimum density of Pubingl76 and 32-62-6-2 was 4,200 ,000 plants per hm~2. There were significant difference among the yield of three varieties by planting density. And there were remarkably significant difference between the number of spikes and grains per spike.. While there were little difference among the weight per 1000 grain in adjacent density. The 3- valuation for yield varied with increasing planting density, spike valuation decreased,while grain valuation increased, weight valuation also increased on the whole. Therefore, the demand of density of each variety was almost similar but not complete identical under the same cultivation. It had its own focus on spikes,grains and weight. If the development of spike, grain and grain weight could be coordinated, the optimal yeild could be gained. In addition, it was very important to increase grains per spike and weight per 1000 on the base of assuring effective spike number.