陕西省主栽小麦品种越冬生理生化特性

旨在为小麦品种合理利用及抗冻性评价提供理论依据。田间自然条件下,对7个小麦品种越冬期进行取样,测定其与抗冻性相关部分生理生化指标,结合表型分析各品种抗冻性。结果表明,持续低温小麦发生2~3级不同程度冻害,细胞膜完整性遭到一定程度破坏。增加保护酶活性(SOD和POD)及渗透调节物质(可溶性糖和脯氨酸),对冬小麦安全越冬有重要作用。与其他品种相比,小偃22表现出相对较高的SOD和POD活性、可溶性糖和脯氨酸质量分数;相对较低的相对电导率和丙二醛质量摩尔浓度。这是其能较好地适应持续低温的生理基础。

Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics of Commercial Cultivars during Overwintering Stage in Shaanxi Province

This paper aims at providing theoretical basis for utilization of wheat cultivars and evaluating effectively freezing resistance of wheat using physiological and biochemical indexes. Xiaoyan 22 and other 6 winter wheat cultivars were taken as tested materials. Some indexes in leaves related to freezing resistance were measured at overwintering stage. The freezing resistances of these wheat cultivars were analyzed based on the measured indexes combined with phenotypes. The result showed that continuous cold stress caused the second and third grade of freezing injury to the tested cultivars, which also damaged the integrity of cellular membranes; besides, the amounts of enzyme(SOD and POD) and osmotic active substances (soluble sugar and proline) increased in all 7 cultivars, which might have an important role in safely overwintering. However, compared with other 6 wheat cultivars, Xiaoyan 22 showed higher contents of enzyme (SOD and POD) and osmotic active substances (soluble sugar and proline) and lower relative conductivity and MDA content, which may be the physiological base of its better adaption to continuous cold stress.