芦笋对高脂饮食小鼠肠道内容物细菌多样性的影响

为探讨芦笋对高脂饮食小鼠肠道内容物细菌多样性的影响,设计动物试验,试验分成4组,其中,正常对照组饲喂基础饲料,高脂饮食组、高脂饮食芦笋组、高脂饮食降脂理肝汤组均喂食高脂饲料;每只小鼠每天灌胃2次,每次0.35 mL,正常组与高脂饮食组为蒸馏水,高脂饮食芦笋组为2.10 g·kg^-1芦笋液,高脂饮食降脂理肝汤组为1.19 g·kg^-1降脂理肝汤。试验结束后提取肠道内容物微生物总DNA,进行16S rDNA V4区基因组测序。结果表明,从操作分类单元(OTU)总数来看,正常对照组OTU总数有 1 264 种,高脂饮食组OUT总数为1 564 种,高脂饮食降脂理肝汤组和高脂饮食芦笋组OUT总数分别为 1 354 和1 654 种,表明芦笋液抑制、降脂理肝汤能促进肠道细菌OUT总数恢复至正常水平。样本群落(Alpha)多样性分析表明,高脂饮食芦笋组、高脂饮食降脂理肝汤组和正常对照组丰富度估计指数(Chao)、多样性指数(Shannon)、丰富度估计指数(ACE)及多样性指数(Simpson)均低于高脂饮食组,且高脂饮食芦笋组Shannon指数显著低于高脂饮食组。细菌门分类分析表明,高脂饮食芦笋组变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)相对丰度介于高脂饮食组与正常对照组之间,高脂饮食降脂理肝汤组厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)相对丰度介于高脂饮食组与正常对照组之间,蓝细菌(Cyanobacteria)相对丰度在各组间有差别,但差异不显著。本研究结果表明,芦笋通过改变肠道菌群结构达到了降脂的效果,为芦笋产品的进一步开发研究提供了理论依据。

Influence of Asparagus on Bacterial Diversity of Intestinal Contents in High-Fat Diet Mice

The research aimed to investigate the influence of asparagus on intestinal bacterial diversity in high-fat diet mice. Experimental animals were randomly divided into 4 diet treatments:the control normal group was fed with basic diet,the high-fat diet, high-fat diet with asparagus and high-fat diet with Jiangzhiligan decoction were fed with high-fat diet.Respectively gastric distilled water (control normal group, high-fat diet group), asparagus 2.10 g·kg^-1 dose of asparagus (high fat-diet asparagus group), Jiangzhiligan decoction 1.19 g·kg^-1 (high-fat diet Jiangzhiligan decoction group).Each mouse was given by gavage 2 times a day,0.35mL each time. After that, extracted the intestinal microbes total DNA for genome sequencing analysis of 16S rDNA V4 area. The results showed that there were 1 264 OTU species in the control normal group, 1 564 OTU species in the high-fat diet group, 1 354 OTU species in the high-fat diet Jiangzhiligan decotion group and 1 654 OTU species in the high-fat diet asparagus group. Jiangzhiligan decoction could restore the number of intestinal bacteria OTUs, but asparagus inhibited them. Alpha diversity analysis showed the Chao, Shannon, ACE and Simpson index were lower in the high-fat diet asparagus group , high-fat diet Jiangzhiligan decoction group and the control normal group than in the high-fat diet group, and the Shannon index value was significantly lower in the high-fat diet asparagus group than that in high-fat diet group. In the level of species,the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria in high-fat diet asparagus group were between high-fat diet group and control normal group, the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes in high-fat diet Jiangzhiligan decoction group were between that of the high-fat diet group and control normal group,There was difference in the relative abundance of Cyanobacteria among the groups, but it was not obvious. The results showed that asparagus could reduce fat by changing the structure of intestinal flora, offereing theoretical basis for he further development and research of asparagus products.