褐藻糖胶对黄颡鱼幼鱼中脂肪酸的影响

为研究褐藻糖胶作为饲料添加剂对黄颡鱼幼鱼脂肪酸的影响,选取大小、体重相近的黄颡鱼幼鱼,随机分为对照组和试验组,对照组饲喂不添加褐藻糖胶的基础饲料,试验组饲喂添加0.1%褐藻糖胶的饲料,采用气相色谱质谱联用技术(GC-MS)分析不同喂养时间(1、2、4、8周)下试验组和对照组黄颡鱼幼鱼脂肪酸含量的变化。结果表明,黄颡鱼幼鱼体内共检测出15个总脂肪酸(TFA)和17个游离脂肪酸(FFA)。方差分析结果表明,黄颡鱼幼鱼TFA中C18:1 (n-9)、C20:4(n-5)和C22:6 (n-3)具有交互作用,而大部分FFA间都存在交互作用。喂养时间对黄颡鱼幼鱼脂肪酸有显著影响(P<0.05),随着喂养时间的延长,游离的单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)含量呈先减少后增加趋势,而总MUFA含量呈先增加后减少趋势;黄颡鱼幼鱼游离脂肪酸和总脂肪酸中饱和脂肪酸(SFA)均呈先增加后减少趋势,而多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)呈先下降后升高趋势。0.1%褐藻糖胶对黄颡鱼幼鱼TFA中C18:1 (n-9)、C20:4(n-5)和C22:6 (n-3)含量影响显著(P<0.05),对FFA组分含量的影响均显著(P<0.05),试验组黄颡鱼幼鱼SFA含量高于对照组,MUFA含量低于对照组,PUFA在喂养第2周时高于对照组,喂养第8周时低于对照组。此外,黄颡鱼幼鱼C20:3(n-3)/C22:6(n-3)的比值小于0.4,且喂养0.1%褐藻糖胶第8周时,黄颡鱼幼鱼C22:6(n-3)和C20:4(n-5)含量明显高于对照组,说明褐藻糖胶有益于黄颡鱼产卵和孵化,有助于黄颡鱼幼鱼的发育生长。本研究结果为黄颡鱼的健康养殖提供了基础数据。

Effect of Fucoidan on Fatty Acids Composition of Young elteobagrus fulvidraco

The juvenile yellow catfish (pelteobagrus fulvidraco) with similar size and body weight were randomly divided into 2 groups. The fish in control groups were fed with a basal diet without fucoidan, and those in experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.1% fucoidan, which was conducted to investigate the effects of fucoidan as supplemented on fatty acid of juvenile P. fulvidraco. The fatty acids profiles of 2 groups during different feeding time (week 1,2,4 and 8) were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). As a result, 15 total fatty acids (TFA) and 17 free fatty acids (FFA) were detected. The Two-way ANOVA analysis showed that C18:1 (n-9), C20:4 (n-5) and C22:6 (n-3) had interactions among TFA, while most of FFAs had interactions in juvenile P. fulvidraco. And feeding time had significant effect on fatty acids (P<0.05) in juvenile P. fulvidraco. Along with the extension of feeding time, the content of free monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) were decreased first and then increased, while that of total monounsaturated fatty acids was increased first and then decreased. In both free fatty acids and total fatty acids in juvenile P. fulvidraco, the trend of saturated fatty acids (SFA) was all increased first and then decreased, while polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were decreased first and then increased. For TFA, There was significant effect of 0.1% fucoidanonly only on the contents of C18:1 (n-9), C20:4 (n-5) and C22:6 (n-3) (P>0.05) in TFA. However, there was significant effect of 0.1% fucoidan only on the contents of all components in FFA (P<0.05). Compared with control group, SFA level was improved, MUFA level was reduced and the level of PUFA was increased at week 2 and decreased at week 8. In addition, the ratio of C20:3 (n-3)/C22:6(n-3) was less than 0.4, and the content of C22:6(n-3) and C20:4(n-5) fed with fucoidan was obviously higher than that of control group at week 8. The phenomena mentioned above indicated that fucoidan can improve the fecundity and hatching rate of P. fulvidraco, which was helpful to the growth and development of juvenile P. fulvidraco. The results would provided basic data for improving the healthy breeding of P. fulvidraco.