谷子高效离体再生基因型和培养基的筛选

谷子离体再生和遗传转化困难,极大地限制了其作为模式植物在功能基因组学研究和品种遗传改良中的应用。为筛选高效离体再生的谷子基因型,选取90份国内外的谷子种质资源,利用其成熟胚作为外植体进行离体再生培养。结果表明,不同基因型谷子出愈率、芽分化率和再生率差异较大;不同基因型的谷子出愈率在17.67%~93.67%之间,芽分化率在0%~78.89%之间,再生率在0%~40.00%之间。从中筛选出3份高效离体再生种质资源,分别为Y41、Y176和Y145,其离体再生效率分别为40.00%、37.33%和36.00%。3份种质资源在CIM3培养基上的出愈率最高,且愈伤质量较好,CIM3培养基配方为4.43 g·L^-1MS + 30 g·L^-1蔗糖 + 4 g·L^-1phytagel + 2 mg·L^-12,4-D + 0.5 mg·L^-1KT。本研究结果为谷子离体再生和遗传转化,以及推动谷子作为C₄禾谷类模式植物的进程奠定了一定的理论基础。

Screening of High Efficient Genotypes and Medium for in Vitro Regeneration in Foxtail Millet

The difficulty of in vitro regeneration and genetic transformation of foxtail millet (Setaria italica) greatly limits its application as a model plant in functional genomics research and genetic improvement. To obtain high efficient in vitro regeneration genotypes, 90 domestic and foreign germplasm resources of foxtail millet were selected, and their mature embryos were used as explants for in vitro regeneration analysis. The results showed that the callus formation rate, budding rate and regeneration rate of different genotypes of millet were significantly different: the callus formation rate was 17.67%~93.67%, bud differentiation rate was 0%~78.89% and regeneration rate was 0%~40.00%. Three germplasm resources with high efficient in vitro regeneration rate, Y41, Y176 and Y145, were screened. The in vitro regeneration rates were 40.00%, 37.33% and 36.00%, respectively. The callus formation rate of the three germplasm resources on CIM3 was the highest, and the callus quality was also better. The components of CIM3 were 4.43 g·L^-1MS + 30 g·L^-1sucrose + 4 g·L^-1phytagel + 2 mg·L^-12,4-D + 0.5 mg·L^-1KT. This study not only lays a theoretical foundation for in vitro regeneration and genetic transformation of foxtail millet, but also promotes foxtail millet as a model plant of C₄ cereals.