利用SSR标记和SNP芯片对小麦EMS突变体进行真实性鉴定

为鉴定EMS突变的真实性,本研究利用SSR标记和90 K SNP芯片对小麦品系H261及其EMS突变体进行检测。SSR检测结果表明,H261与LF2010和LF2099的差异SSR标记为0个,但与LF2100的差异SSR标记为10个,多态性比例为47.62%。SNP芯片分析结果表明,H261与LF2010和LF2099之间的差异位点分别为66和12个,分别占总数的0.080 9%和0.014 7%,2个突变体与H261的纯合差异SNP数目均为0;而H261与LF2100之间的差异位点为2 846个,占总数的3.487 9%,二者之间纯合差异SNP为784,占总数的0.960 8%。综上所述,LF2010和LF2099突变体与亲本H261的遗传背景高度一致,是H261经过EMS诱变的后代,而LF2100是天然异交或机械混杂产生的假突变体。本研究结果为更好地发挥小麦突变体在遗传改良和功能基因组研究奠定了一定的理论基础。

Authenticity Identification of Mutants Induced by EMS in Wheat Using SSR Marker and SNP Chips

In order to identify the authenticity of EMS mutation, SSR markers and 90 K SNP chip were used to detect Wheat Strain H261 and its EMS mutants. SSR analysis showed that the difference of SSR markers between H261 and LF2010 or LF2099 was 0, but the difference of SSR markers between H261 and LF2100 was 10, and the polymorphism rate was 47.62%. SNP chip analysis showed that the differences between H261 and LF2010 and LF2099 were 66 and 12, accounting for 0.0809% and 0.0147% of the total SNPS, respectively. The homozygous differences between the two mutants and H261 were 0, while the differences between H261 and LF2100 were 2 846, accounting for 3.487 9% of the total SNPS, and the homozygous differences between them were 784, accounting for the 0.960 8%. The results showed the genetic background of LF2010 and LF2099 were highly consistent with that of genetic background of parents H261, and were the mutated offspring of H261 mutated by EMS, while LF2100 was a “pseudomutant” produced by natural outcrossing or mechanical hybridization. This study laid a theoretical foundation for the better use of wheat mutants in genetic improvement and functional genome research.