黄瓜突变体库的构建及表型变异的初步研究

为构建黄瓜突变体库,利用不同浓度的甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)溶液在不同处理时间下诱变华南型黄瓜高代自交系6457,并对诱变前后黄瓜表型变异特征进行分析。结果表明,根据诱变后的种子发芽率、成苗率,筛选出1.5%EMS处理10 h为最佳诱变条件。采用最佳诱变条件处理2 500粒黄瓜种子,构建了包含221个M₂株系的黄瓜突变体库。在M₁群体中出现叶片皱缩、叶色嵌合、植株多卷须、矮化、黄化、白化、畸形、果实嵌合体等变异性状,表型突变频率达18.9%;在M₂群体中筛选到长瓜、短瓜、心形叶、花萼叶片化、矮化植株等典型的突变体,表型突变频率达11.7%。本研究结果丰富了黄瓜种质资源,为黄瓜功能基因组学研究和新品种选育提供了一定的理论依据。

Construction and Preliminary Screening of EMS Induced Cucumber Mutants

In order to produce cucuber mutants. In this study,seeds of the high-generation inbred line 6457 was treated by ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) solution with different concentrations and times. The phenotypic variation characteristics of cucumber before and after mutagenesis were analyzed. Considering the germination rate and seedling rate, 1.5% EMS for 10 h was selected as the appropriate treatment condition. Then 2 500 seeds of 6457 were treated by 1.5% EMS for 10 h, and a cucumber mutant library contained 221 M₂ families was constructed. Variations with abnormal appearance i.e. wrinkled leaf, variegated leaf, plant with multiple tendrils, dwarf, etiolation, albino, deformed and chimera fruit were observed in the M₁ population with the mutation frequency of 18.9%. Numerous valuable mutants were isolated in the M₂ population, including long fruit, short fruit, heart-shaped leaves, hermaphrodite flower, dwarfing plant and etc. The mutation frequency in the M₂ population was 11.7%. The mutants obtained in this study enviched in germplasm resources, provide useful mutant materials for cucumber functional genomics research and breeding improvement.