Water balance and pattern of soil water uptake in a peach orchard |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children''s Research Foundation, Cincinnati, OH 45229, United States;2. Rhodes College, Department of Psychology, 2000 North Parkway, Memphis, TN 38112, United States;3. Virginia Department of Forensic Science, 700 North Fifth St, Richmond, VA 23219, United States;1. Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture, Consumer and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA;2. Department of Food Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran;3. School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran;4. Nanobiomedicine Center of Excellence, Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Research Center, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran;5. Center of Excellence for Application of Modern Technologies for Producing Functional Foods and Drinks, Iran;6. Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran;7. Department of Chemical and Bimolecular Engineering, School of Chemical Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA;1. Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taiwan;2. Department of Family Medicine, Penghu Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taiwan;3. School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taiwan;4. School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taiwan;5. Taiwanese Injury Prevention and Safety Promotion Association (TIPSPA), Taiwan;6. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taiwan;7. Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taiwan;8. Department of Microbiology & Immunology, National Defense Medical Center, Taiwan |
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| Abstract: | Five-year-old peach trees were irrigated at 50% and 100% of calculated maximum evapotranspiration (MET) in order to determine the influence of water stress on the pattern of water uptake from the soil and on the actual evapotranspiration (AET) of the crop. A simplified water balance method based on the relationship between the drainage component and the soil water content averaged over the soil profile has been used to estimate AET from periodic neutron probe measurements.Maximum water uptake is from the upper 60 cm of soil when trees are well-watered. Decreased soil water content induces a shift in the soil water uptake towards deeper layers, which can be due either to upward fluxes of water or to an increased water uptake by deeper roots.AET in the 50% MET regime is reduced from July to September, compared to the 100% MET regime, partly because of stomatal closure. There is no drainage in the 50% MET treatment from June to September; it is about 1 mm day−1 in the 100% MET regime until the end of August and ceases in September when the soil dries. |
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