Vulnerability of forest types to spruce budworm damage in Newfoundland: An empirical approach based on large sample size |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Natural Resources and Society, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA;2. McCall Outdoor Science School, University of Idaho, McCall, ID 83638, USA;3. Canadian Forest Service (Pacific Forestry Centre), Natural Resources Canada, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada;1. Department of Forest Engineering Resources and Management, College of Forestry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;2. Pacific Forestry Centre, Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada, Victoria, British Columbia V8Z 1M5, Canada;3. Integrated Remote Sensing Studio, Department of Forest Resources Management, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada;1. Department of Soil Science, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran;2. Department of Soil Science, Guilan University, Guilan, Iran;3. Department of Soil Science, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran;1. Universities Space Research Association, Columbia, MD 21046, USA;2. Biospheric Science Laboratory (Code 618), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA |
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| Abstract: | A clear relationship between stand characteristics and spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.)) damage was present only for stand composition and budworm damage in Newfoundland during the 1970s. Other stand parameters were not related. A sample size of 2 031 507 was used in the investigation. The lack of a consistent correlation may have been caused by the severity of the outbreak, the randomness of mass transport of adult moths and the lack of wide diversification in species composition of forested lands. |
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