氧化-生物双降解地膜降解性能及其对棉花生长的影响

针对棉花生产中使用普通农用塑料地膜导致棉田土壤污染的现状,进行了不同配方氧化-生物双降解地膜和普通地膜棉花栽培对比试验,探讨可降解地膜的降解性能及其对土壤水分、温度和棉花生长的影响。结果表明:氧化-生物双降解地膜比对照降解效果显著,降解1号降解率达74.5%,不同降解地膜的降解速率及强度不同,具有一定可控性。降解后残存地膜碎片化、变薄、变脆并紧贴地表,继续起到一定的增温、保墒作用。合理设定降解诱导期的降解地膜对土壤水分、温度和棉花生长的影响与普通地膜相当,未对棉花生长发育及产量水平产生显著影响。

Degradation Performance of Oxo-biodegradable Plastic Films and Their Effects on Cotton Growth

Because of farmland soil pollution resulting from ordinary agricultural mulch film that is used in the production of cotton, we conducted an experiment to study the degradation properties of ordinary plastic mulch film and different formulae of oxo-biodegradable mulch films, and their influences on soil moisture, soil temperature and cotton growth. The degradation levels of the oxo-biodegradable mulch films were greater than that of the control, and the maximum degradation weight loss of "degradable mulch film No.1" reached up to 74.5%. Oxo-biodegradable mulch films with different formulae showed different rates and intensities of degradation, and were somewhat controllable. Remnants of oxo-biodegradable film debris became thin and brittle, and settled close to the ground surface, thus continuing to increase the soil temperature and moisture. With a reasonable degradation induction period, the effects of oxo-biodegradable mulch film on soil moisture, soil temperature and cotton growth were equal to those of ordinary mulch film and no significant influence on the cotton yield was observed. This study showed that oxo-biodegradable mulch films can be used in agricultural production to replace ordinary ones.