不同灌水处理对机采棉干物质和氮素运移及产量的影响

在北疆自然条件下,研究不同灌水处理对机采棉干物质、氮素运移及产量的影响,以期为机采棉水氮高效利用和高产栽培提供理论基础。以机采棉品种新陆早57号为供试材料,滴灌定额为4500 m~3·hm~(-2),设置3个不同的灌水次数分别为10次(D10)、8次(D8)、6次(D6)。结果表明:在滴灌定额为4500 m~3·hm~(-2)的条件下,D8处理的株型结构更为合理,干物质及氮素积累量适宜,各器官干物质及氮素分配比例较为合理,可提高机采棉的铃重及单株铃数,充分发挥其个体优势,皮棉产量较高。因此,在D8处理的灌水分配方式下,结合相应的灌水制度,有利于实现棉花高产。

Effects of Different Water Treatments on Dry Matter Accumulation and Nitrogen Migration and Production of Machine-Harvested Cotton

The aim of this study was to examine the regularity of nutrient migration in machine-harvested cotton under different water treatments under natural conditions in northern Xinjiang and to provide a theoretical basis for the efficient use of water and nitrogen to promote the cultivation of machine-harvested cotton. The machine-harvested variety Xinluzao 57 was used as the study material. Three different irrigation frequencies 10 (D10), 8 (D8), and 6 (D6), with a drip irrigation quota of 4500 m3·hm－2 were established. Results showed that under this drip irrigation quota, the plant-type structure of treatment D8 was most suitable, because its accumulations of dry matter and nitrogen were appropriate, and the proportions of dry matter accumulation and nitrogen distributions of each organ were suitable. In addition, the single boll weight and boll number per plant of cotton increased, so it can increase the cotton yield. Therefore, the water allocation of the D8 frequency, combined with a corresponding irrigation system, can achieve a high yield of cotton.