非洲马瘟病毒VP7蛋白研究进展

非洲马瘟(African horse sickness, AHS)是由非洲马瘟病毒(African horse sickness virus, AHSV)引起的一种通过库蜢等昆虫传播的、主要感染马科动物的传染病。我国是世界动物卫生组织认可的非洲马瘟无疫国，随着AHS疫情在东南亚的传播，增大了疫情传入我国的风险。AHSV编码了7种结构蛋白(VP1～VP7),其中VP7是病毒内衣壳蛋白的主要组成部分，在AHSV 9个血清型中高度保守，常作检测的靶标。此外，VP7蛋白的自组装特点对于AHSV亚单位疫苗和病毒样颗粒疫苗(VLP)的研究有基础性作用。对当前AHSV VP7蛋白相关研究进展进行了综述，以期为AHSV检测方法及疫苗等研究提供参考。

Research Progress on VP7 Protein of African Horse Sickness Virus

African horse sickness (AHS) is a kind of animal disease caused by African horse sickness virus (AHSV), which mainly infects equines and is transmitted by insects such as Culicoid. Our country is an African horse sickness-free country recognized by the World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH). With the spread of the African horse sickness in Southeast Asia, the risk of the epidemic spreading to our country has increased. The serogroup-specific protein VP7 of AHSV is the main component of the inner coat protein of the virus. It is highly conserved among the 9 serotypes of AHSV and is often used as the target protein for ELISA detection. Its corresponding S7 gene is also often used as a serogroup-specific nucleic acid detection target. In addition, the self-assembly characteristics of VP7 protein have a fundamental role in the research of subunit vaccines and virus-like particle vaccines(VLPs). Therefore, VP7 plays an important role in the detection and prevention of AHSV. This article reviews the current research progress of AHSV VP7 protein research, in order to provide references for AHSV and its detection methods and vaccine research.