1961-2013年南疆日照时数变化特征及其影响因子分析

为了探究南疆地区日照时数变化特征及其影响因子，采用一元线性拟合、5 年滑动趋势法、累计距平法、Mann-Kendall 突变检验法以及反距离加权插值法，对南疆地区25 个国家气象站1961—2013 年日照时数年、季、月时空变化特征进行分析，同时，对影响日照时数的气候因子进行分析。结果表明：南疆地区年日照时数以25.7 h/10 a 的速率呈明显的下降趋势。除春季以外，其余各季均呈下降趋势，冬季和秋季对年日照时数的变化贡献最大，夏季最小。年日照时数高值区位于东部哈密和吐鲁番，低值区位于北部的巴伦台、巴音布鲁克及西南的和田地区。年日照时数在1982 年发生突变，略滞后于全国和西北地区。南疆地区日照时数变化主要是气温、降水、相对湿度、风速及水汽压共同作用的结果。

Sunshine Hours in South Xinjiang: Variation Characteristics and Impact Factors

To explore the variation characteristics of sunshine hours in south Xinjiang and the impact factors, the author used simple linear fitting, 5 years moving average method, the cumulative departure method, Mann- Kendall mutation test and inverse distance weighted interpolation method to analyze the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of sunshine hours of the year, season and month from 1961-2013 in 25 state weather stations. Meanwhile, the authors also analyzed the climate factors that affected the sunshine hours. The result showed that: the annual sunshine hours in south Xinjiang obviously declined at a rate of 25.7 h/10 a. Except spring, the other seasons all showed the declining trend, autumn and winter made great contribution to the change of annual sunshine hours, and summer’s contribution was the lowest. Annual sunshine hours of high value areas were located in the east of Hami and Turpan, the low-value areas were located in the north of Barron and Bayanbulak as well as the southwest of Khotan Region. The annual sunshine hours mutated in 1982, slightly lagged behind the whole country and the northwest region. The variation of sunshine hours in south Xinjiang was the result of co-action of temperature, precipitation, relative humidity, wind speed and vapor pressure.