我国玉米自交系保绿性鉴定及其与氮效率的关系

选用我国常用的82个不同基因型自交系为研究材料, 在两种氮肥处理下对其子粒产量、耐低氮指数、保绿性相关性状进行测定, 探究不同玉米自交系保绿性及其与氮效率的关系。结果表明, 以高氮下保绿度为指标筛选出了23个保绿型自交系, 27个早衰型自交系, 其余32个为中间型自交系。两种氮水平间保绿度及其相关性状差异均达极显著水平(P<0.01), 子粒产量与保绿度及其相关性状间的相关性均达极显著水平。研究表明, 保绿性不仅与子粒产量密切相关, 同时还显著影响氮效率。因此, 保绿性可作为筛选氮高效玉米自交系的一个重要农艺性状。

Leaf Stay-Green Traits of Maize Inbred Lines in China and Their Relationship with Nitrogen Efficiency

For exploring the relationship between stay green and nitrogen(N) efficiency, eighty-two inbred lines were sampled from common parents of Chinese maize cultivars. At silking stage and maturity stage, traits related to stay-green were measured under high and low N. According to stay-green degree under high N, eighty-two inbred lines were classified into stay-green, mid-stay-green and non-stay-green three types with clustering analysis. The stay-green type was composed of 23 inbred lines; the mid -stay-green type was composed of 32 inbred lines; the non-stay-green type was composed of 27 inbred lines. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the stay-green and its relevant traits under high N and that under low N. The grain yield was significantly correlated with these traits related to stay- green under high and low N. As a significant agronomic trait, stay-green was not only related to the grain yield, but also influenced nitrogen use efficiency. So stay-green may become an important trait that can screen high yield and high nitrogen efficient inbred line.