额尔齐斯河流域灌木昆虫群落特征及对环境因子和植物群落特征的响应

为探究大空间尺度下灌木昆虫群落的分布规律，于2023年6—9月对额尔齐斯河流域阿勒泰地区7个县（市）44个样地内灌木昆虫群落特征进行调查，确定其发生状态，采用回归分析和典范对应分析（canonical correspondence analysis，CCA）方法探讨灌木昆虫物种丰富度与植物群落特征和环境因子的关系。结果显示，44个样地内共采集昆虫1 245头，经鉴定为9目44科117种，其中鳞翅目和鞘翅目为主优势类群，分别为440头和289头，脉翅目和半翅目为次优势类群，分别为214头和157头，其余目为从属类群。额尔齐斯河流域灌木昆虫物种丰富度与海拔和温度均呈显著的三项式拟合关系，与相对多度呈显著的二项式拟合关系，与Pielou均匀度指数呈显著的线性拟合关系，与Simpson多样性指数呈显著的二项式拟合关系，与Margalef丰富度指数呈显著的二项式拟合关系。CCA分析结果显示，温度、经度和海拔是影响灌木昆虫分布的主要环境因子，灌木植物多样性和均匀程度是影响灌木昆虫分布的主要植物群落特征。表明大空间尺度下灌木昆虫分布存在明显驱动力，在全球环境变化下应更加重视对植被结构的调整和对有害灌木昆虫的监测预防。

Characteristics of shrub insect community and its response to environmental factors and plant community characteristics in the Irtysh River Basin

To explore the distribution of shrub insect communities on a large spatial scale, the characteristics of these insect communities were investigated in 44 plots across seven counties (cities) in the Altay region of the Irtysh River Basin from June to September 2023. This study aimed to determine their occurrence status and analyze the relationship between shrub insect species richness and plant community characteristics as well as environmental factors using regression analysis and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). The results showed a total of 1 245 insects collected across the 44 plots, identified as 117 species from 44 families and nine orders. Lepidoptera and Coleoptera were the dominant groups, with 440 and 289 individuals, respectively. Neuroptera and Hemiptera were the secondary dominant groups, with 214 and 157 individuals, respectively. The remaining orders were subordinate groups. The species richness of shrub insects in the Ehe River Basin showed a significant trinomial fitting relationship with altitude and temperature. There was a significant binomial fitting relationship with relative abundance, and a significant linear relationship with the Pielou evenness index. In addition, there were significant binomial relationships with both the Simpson diversity index and the Margalef richness index. The CCA analysis results indicated that temperature, longitude, and altitude were the main environmental factors influencing the distribution of shrub insects. The diversity and uniformity of shrub plants were the key plant community characteristics affecting this distribution. It is suggested that there is an obvious driving force behind the distribution of shrub insects on a large spatial scale. It recommends that attention be given to the rectification of vegetation structure and the monitoring and prevention of harmful shrub insects in the context of global environmental changes.