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Characteristics and distribution of Colletotrichum species in coffee plantations in Hainan,China
Authors:X R Cao  X M Xu  H Y Che  J S West  D Q Luo
Institution:1. Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101 China;2. NIAB EMR, New Road, East Malling, ME19 6BJ UK;3. Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, AL5 2JQ UK
Abstract:Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum species is a serious disease on a range of economically important hosts. To determine the Colletotrichum species in coffee plantations in Hainan, China, 55 isolates were obtained from Coffea arabica (arabica) and C. canephora var. robusta (robusta) in five counties. Initially, partial sequences of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) were used to measure fungal genetic diversity. Then a subset of 23 isolates was selected to represent the range of genetic diversity, varieties and geographic origin for further multilocus phylogenetic analyses. These isolates belong to eight known Colletotrichum species from three Colletotrichum species complexes, including gloeosporioides (Cendophytica, C. fructicola, Cledongense, Csiamense and Ctropicale), boninense (Ckarstii), gigasporum (Cgigasporum), and one singleton species (Cbrevisporum). Of these, Csiamense was isolated in all sampled counties and Cfructicola was identified in three counties. The other six species were isolated only in one or two counties. Only Csiamense and Cfructicola were isolated from arabica, whereas all eight species were isolated from robusta. Occurrence of Cbrevisporum, Cendophytica, Cledongense and Ctropicale in coffee has not been reported previously. Pathogenicity tests showed that all eight species were pathogenic to coffee leaves and fruit. In vitro tests showed that Colletotrichum isolates from coffee in Hainan were most sensitive to prochloraz, less sensitive to carbendazim, propiconazole and difenoconazole, and least sensitive to myclobutanil.
Keywords:coffee  Colletotrichum species  morphological analysis  multilocus phylogenetic analysis  pathogenicity
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