柑橘提取物对8种植物病原真菌的抑制作用研究

采用乙醇、水、丙酮为溶剂对柑橘皮和种子分别进行提取获得提取物，以烟草赤星病菌(Alternaria alternata)、玉米青枯病菌（Fusarium gramincarum）、西瓜炭疽病菌（Colletetrichum orbicalare）、小麦赤霉病菌（Gibberella zeae）、黄瓜灰霉病菌（Botrytis cinerea）、黄瓜枯萎病菌（Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cucumerinum）、番茄早疫病菌（Alternaria solani）、茄子黄萎病菌（Verticillium albo-atrum）8种重要的植物病原真菌为靶标，采用生长速率法测定柑橘提取物对8种供试病原菌的抑制效果。结果表明，在质量浓度为10mg?ml-1时，提取物对供试的8种病原真菌均具有明显的抑制作用，其中乙醇提取物的抑菌效果最好，且3种溶剂的种子提取物的抑菌效果一般要高于橘皮提取物。

Study on Fungistasis of Citrus Extracts to 8 Phytopathogenic Fungi

Citrus peel and seed were extracted using ethanol, water and acetone respectively. The fungistasis of extracts were tested by the method of mycelium growth to 8 fungi: Alternaria alternata, Fusarium gramincarum, Colletetrichum orbicalare, Gibberella zeae, Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cucumerinum, Alternaria solani and Verticillium albo-atrum. The results showed that all extracts exhibited notable inhibiting effects on the fungi when its concentration was 10mg?ml-1. The fungistasis of three extracts were in sequence of ethanol>acetone>water, and extracts of citrus seed had better inhibiting effects than that of citrus peel.