Genetic diversity and gene flow estimates among five populations of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum across Himachal Pradesh |
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| Affiliation: | 1. ANSES, Laboratory for Animal Health, JRU BIPAR, 23 avenue du Général de Gaulle, 94700 Maisons Alfort, France;2. ANSES, Laboratory for Animal Health, Epidemiology Unit, 94700 Maisons Alfort, France;3. Section of Zoology, Department of Agriculture and Ecology, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark;1. Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea;2. Samsung Bioresearch Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea;1. Veterinary Epidemiology, Economics and Public Health Group, The Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, AL9 7TA, Hatfield, UK;2. Department DIMEVET, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 10, 20133, Milan, Italy;3. Centro di Ricerca Coordinata – Epidemiologia e Sorveglianza Molecolare delle Infezioni, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy;1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceara (UFC), Campus do Pici, Fortaleza, Ceara 60451-970, Brazil;2. University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR), Fortaleza, Ceara 60811-905, Brazil;3. Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA) – Meio-Norte, Teresina, Piaui 64006-220, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | Five Colletotrichum lindemuthianum populations causing anthracnose in common bean, a premier legume crop of Himachal Pradesh were analyzed to know about genetic diversity, migration and the probable rate of spread of races capable of overcoming resistance present in elite cultivars. The genetic diversity was calculated on the basis of allele frequencies of 12 random amplified polymorphic DNA markers using Nei's genetic diversity formulae. Diversity within each population (HS) was high with values ranging from 0.26 to 0.31. Average differentiation among populations (GST) was 0.12 and populations were isolated by distance between the two populations. This indicates that less short distance gene flow occurs in Himachal Pradesh. However, the topography of Himachal Pradesh could be a barrier to long distance dispersal. Normalized haplotype diversity based on RAPD data was very high with mean value of 0.91. Keeping this in view, new races would be expected soon outside the state of origin, as naturally occurring gene flow is likely to be increased by the human activity for comprehensive cultivation of beans in the near future. Therefore, it is difficult to predict durability of resistant sources in Himachal Pradesh, which in turn emphasizes identification and introgression of R genes into commercial cultivars. |
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