Modelling the effect of groundwater depth on yield-increasing interventions in rainfed lowland rice in Central Java,Indonesia |
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| Institution: | 1. International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Crop and Environmental Sciences Division, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines;2. Crop and Weed Ecology Group, Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 430, 6700 AK Wageningen, The Netherlands;3. Research Station for Agricultural Environment Preservation, Jalan Raya Jakenan-Jaken, P.O. Box 5, Jakenan, Pati 59182, Central Java, Indonesia;1. Africa Rice Center (AfricaRice), 01 BP 2031 Cotonou, Benin;2. Société Nationale d’Aménagement et d’Exploitation des Terres du Delta du fleuve Sénégal et des Vallées du fleuve Sénégal (SAED), BP 74 Saint-Louis, Senegal;3. AfricaRice, BP 96 Saint-Louis, Senegal;1. Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, Katzenburgweg 5, D-53115 Bonn, Germany;2. Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), 00790 Helsinki, Finland;3. CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Brisbane, Australia;4. INRA, UMR AGIR, Castanet Tolosan, France;1. Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Depositional Mineralization & Sedimentary Minerals, College of Earth Science & Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, Shandong, China;2. Department of Geology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale 62901, IL, USA;3. Shandong Xinjulong Energy Co., Ltd., Heze 272200, Shandong, China;1. Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, School of Technology, Njala University, Sierra Leone;2. Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA;1. Africa Rice Center (AfricaRice) 01 BP 2031 Cotonou, Benin;2. Crop & Weed Ecology Group, Centre for Crop Systems Analysis, Wageningen University, PO Box 430, AK , 6700, Wageningen, The Netherlands |
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| Abstract: | Because of drought and nutrient stress, the yields of rainfed lowland rice in Central Java, Indonesia, are generally low and unstable. Variation in groundwater depth can contribute to experimental variability in results of yield-increasing interventions. To test this hypothesis, we used the crop growth simulation model ORYZA2000 to explore the impacts of groundwater depth on the effect of sowing date, tillage, fertiliser-N application and supplementary irrigation on the yield of lowland rice at Jakenan, Central Java, Indonesia. ORYZA2000 was first parameterized and evaluated using data from eight seasons of field experiments between 1995 and 2000. The model adequately simulated the soil water balance, crop growth and grain yield. With shallow to medium groundwater depth (less than 0.5 m deep), rainfed rice yields are close to potential yields with timely sowing in the wet season. With groundwater tables fluctuating mostly between 0.5 and 1.5 m, rainfed yields are 0.5–1 Mg ha?1 lower than potential yields with timely sowing. The decrease in yield with late sowing sets in earlier and proceeds faster with deeper groundwater depths. Deep tillage and supplementary irrigation increase yield more with deep groundwater tables than with shallow groundwater tables, but N fertilisation increases yield more with shallow than with deep groundwater tables. Groundwater depth should be taken into account in the selection of yield-increasing interventions. |
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