非洲长雄蕊野生稻的遗传特性及其固定杂种优势研究探讨

 非洲长雄蕊野生稻（O. Longistaminata）80-0001具有系统分离、系统遗传、固定杂种的遗传特性。把它作为一种遗传材料，能固定种间、亚种间、品种间的第二代或近似第一代杂种，特别是固定籼稻与粳稻之间杂种，并能直接利用，意义更为重大。固定水稻杂种的育种技术比常规稻育种技术可缩短育种周期2/3，克服了杂交水稻年年制种的限制，解决了优质与高产之间的矛盾。笔者选育的能多代利用的杂交水稻品种，具有使用性广、技术稳定、价格便宜的优点。这种育种技术可谓快速、优质、高产、多抗育种的新途径。

GENETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF ORYZA LONGISTAMINATA AND ITS BREEDING TECHNIQUES FOR FIXED HETEROSIS

The O. longistaminata (A. Cher. et Roeher) possesses the genetic characteristics of systematic segregation, inheritance and fixed heterosis. Used as a genetic tool, it can fix the heterosis in the F2s and approximately in the F1s from interspecific, inter-subspecific and intervarietal hybridization, especially , it can fix the heterosis in cross between hsien (Indica) and keng (Japonica)rice, which is more significant due to that their hybrid progenies can be directly used in production. By fixed heterosis,the breeding cycle can be shortened by two thirds compared with that of conventional breeding methods, without being restricted by restorers and maintainers in hybrid rice breeding, thus,the contradiction between good quality and high yield is settled. Hybrids rice can be selected which can be used for many generations without hybrid seed production each year and has the advantages of wide adaptability, technical stability and low cost (equal to one third for hybrid rice). This is a new way for rapid breeding of rice with good quality, super high yield potential and multi-resistance.