东莞市不孕不育影响因素的调查与分析

目的了解东莞市不孕不育症的影响因素，为制定该地区不孕症防治策略提供依据。方法采取整群抽样的方法，随机抽取东莞市15个社区（村）结婚时间≥1a且女方年龄在20～44岁之间的东莞籍已婚夫妇进行面谈调查，由调查员填写调查表。结果女性的影响因素为：精神压力大、生殖道感染、内分泌因素、生殖系肿瘤、婚前性行为、流、引产史、结婚年龄〉25岁和结婚年数〉5a，其中结婚年数〉5a为保护性因素。男性的影响因素为：精索静脉曲张、结核病史、性交障碍、生殖系感染、有害物质接触和高温。结论针对不孕不育影响因素，加强生殖健康的宣传和服务，做到妇科疾病和男性疾病早防早治。

Influencing factors of infertility in Dongguan City

Objective To investigate the influencing factors of infertility in Dongguan City and provide some reference for the establishment of preventive and therapeutic countermeasures of infertility. Methods The married couples （marriage time ≥ 1 year; female age at 20-44 years） were randomly collected by cluster sampling in 15 communities/villages of Dongguan city. The questiounaire was filled in by the surveyors. Results The influencing factors for infertile women included great psychological pressure, genital tract infection, endocrine factor, genital tumors, premarital sexual behavior, abortion history, marriage age 〉 25 years, and marriage time 〉 5 years; of them, marriage time was a protective factor. However, spermophlebectasia, tuberculosis history, sexual disorder, genital tract infection, exposure of harmful substance, and high temperature were the influencing factors for infertile men. Conclusion The reproductive health education should be reinforced according to these influencing factors of infertility, and the gynecological diseases and andropathy must be managed earlier.