云南大额牛瘤胃微生物多样性分析

为研究云南大额牛瘤胃微生物多样性,本研究通过对大额牛瘤胃微生物宏基因组测序(总数据产出>3Gb)、分析、组装,共获得13546196个环境基因标签(EGTs)。在微生物分析时随机选用了10387566个EGTs(占总EGTs的76.68%)与NCBI的NR数据库进行BLAST比对,进行物种注释。结果显示,在分析的EGTs中,主要由细菌域、真核生物域、古生菌域及部分不能确定域归属的未知微生物构成,其中微生物主要属于10个门,94%的EGTs属于拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门、变形杆菌门和放线菌门,拟杆菌门和厚壁菌门丰度最高,分别占总细菌的48%和42%。大额牛瘤胃中主要的纤维降解细菌为黄化瘤胃球菌、溶纤维丁酸弧菌、白色瘤胃球菌和产琥珀酸丝状杆菌,分别占总细菌的1.60%、1.20%、0.86%和0.52%。本研究结果表明EGTs技术可用于分析环境微生物群落结构和解释微生物群落功能,对研究特殊环境中的微生物的构成具有重要意义。

Diversity Analysis of Rumen Microbes in Yunnan Gayals (Bos frontalis)

In order to study the rumen microbial diversity in Yunnan gayals (Bos frontalis), we analyzed the diversity of microbes using largely assembled sequence data obtained by metagenomic sequencing DNA isolated from rumen samples of eight adult galyals. The genome primary sequence (total metagenome size was >3 Gb) was assembled with short reads.Based on the gayal rumen microbial metagenomic sequencing, we received a total of 13 546 196 EGTs. Because of the relatively large amount, 10 387 566 EGTs (76.68% of all EGTs ) were randomly selected to analyze microbial communities by BLAST search of the NCBI-NR database. Microbial species annotations analysis revealed that microbial communities from gayals rumen were mainly composed of the bacterial domain, eukarya domain, archaea domain and unknown microbial composition. The majority microbes mainly belonged to ten phylums, and 94% EGTs belonged to Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria, of which the highest abundance phylums were Bacteroidete and Firmicutes, accounting for 48% and 42%, respectively. In addition, the main cellulolytic bacteria in rumen of gayals were Ruminococcus flavefacie, Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, Ruminococcus albus and Fibrobacter succinogenes. They accounted for 1.60%, 1.20%, 0.86% and 0.52% of the total bacteria, respectively. These results further indicated that EGTs data could be used to analyze and explain environmental microbial community structure and function. There was great significance to study the composition of microorganisms in special environments.