茌平圆铃大枣生产气候适宜性评析

为了进一步做好基层台站三农气象服务工作，将茌平县圆铃大枣1971—2014年的物候期观测数据与同期气象资料进行对比分析，明晰圆铃大枣的有利气象条件和不利气候因素。结果发现：1971—2014年茌平县的年平均气温、无霜期、圆铃大枣全生育期的气温、极端高低温、日照时数、降水量均满足圆铃大枣生长需求；茌平县年最高气温通常低于42℃，且持续时间较短；日照时数1433.8 h，比较充足，利于大枣果实的着色；大枣生育期内平均降水528.2 mm，能满足大枣优质高产的要求。茌平圆铃大枣的主要气象灾害为降水分布不均、年变率大造成局部的旱涝，晚霜冻以及花果期大风，都会影响大枣的产量和品质。

Climate Suitability Evaluation of Yuanling Jujube in Chiping County

In order to make basic weather stations better conduct meteorological service, observation data in phenological period of Yuanling jujube and meteorological data in Chiping County from 1971 to 2014 were compared to explore the advantageous and disadvantageous climatic conditions for Yuanling jujube. The results showed that annual average temperature, frost-free season in Chiping County, and extreme high and low temperature, sunshine hours and precipitation in growth period of Yuanling jujube could satisfy the demand of Yuanling jujube growth. The annual extreme high temperature of Chiping County was usually lower than 42℃ with a shorter duration. Sunshine duration was sufficient (1433.8 h) and conducive to jujube coloring. The average precipitation in growth period was 528.2 mm, which could meet the requirement of high quality and yield jujube. The main meteorological disasters were the uneven distribution and great annual variation of precipitation which could lead to local drought and flood. Besides, late frost and strong wind would also affect the yield and quality of jujube.