基于RS和GIS的盐城海岸带湿地景观格局变化及其驱动力研究

在遥感和GIS技术支持下，以江苏盐城海岸带TM影像为主要数据源，研究了江苏盐城海岸带湿地近15a来景观格局特征及其动态变化情况，探讨了其景观变化的主要驱动因素。结果表明，1992～2006年，盐城海岸带自然湿地呈萎缩状态；湿地斑块数量亦在减少，由1992年的748个减少到2006年的466个；湿地景观多样性指数和均匀度指数呈下降趋势，分别由1992年的1．8085和0．8231降至2006年的1．5806和0．7194，而优势度呈上升趋势，由1992年的0．3887增长为2006年的0．6165。在盐城海岸带，大规模围垦养殖和米草的入侵是其海岸湿地景观变化的重要因素。

Analysis on the landscape pattern changes and drive of Yancheng coastal wetland in Jiangsu based on RS and GIS technology

Under the support of BS and GIS technology, the landscape pattern changes and its driving forces of landscape pattern in Yancheng coastal wetland in recent 15 years were analyzed based on remote sensing images of TM in 1992, 2002, and 2006, respectively. Our results indicated that the area of primeval wetland in Yancheng coastal wetlands was fragmented significantly in recent 15 years. There was also a decrease in the number of patches from 748 in 1992 to 466 in 2006. The diversity and evenness indexes of wetland landscape descended from 1. 808 5, 0. 823 1 in 1992 to 1. 580 6, 0. 719 4 in 2006, respectively. The dominance index increased from 0. 388 7 in 1992 to 0. 616 5 in 2006. The changes of the wetlands in the area were closely related to reclamation and spartina alterniflora invasion.