Enhanced Dechlorination of Carbon Tetrachloride by Immobilized Fulvic Acids on Alumina Particles |
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Authors: | Alvarez Luis H Jimenez-Bermudez Laura Hernandez-Montoya Virginia Cervantes Francisco J |
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Institution: | 1.División de Ciencias Ambientales, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (IPICyT), Camino a la Presa San José 2055, Col. Lomas 4ª. Sección, San Luis Potosí, SLP, 78216, Mexico ;2.Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Instituto Tecnológico de Aguascalientes, Av. Adolfo López Mateos No 1801 Ote. Fracc. Bona Gens, C.P. 20256, Aguascalientes, Ags, Mexico ;3.Department of Biotechnology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491, Trondheim, Norway ; |
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Abstract: | Fulvic acids (FA) were immobilized on alumina particles in order to evaluate their catalytic effect as solid-phase redox mediator
(RM) during the reductive dechlorination of carbon tetrachloride (CT) by anaerobic sludge. FA were extracted from three different
soil samples and two commercial composts. Electron carrying capacity (ECC) was determined in all FA samples in order to select
the appropriate source of redox-mediating compounds for CT dechlorination. TiO2, Al(OH)3, and γ-Al2O3 particles were tested as immobilizing materials for the extracted FA. FA extracted from a temperate pine forest soil showed
the highest ECC (291.72 μmol g−1). The highest adsorption capacity of FA, measured as total organic carbon (TOC), was achieved by alumina (γ-Al2O3) particles (12 mg TOC-FA g−1). Results suggest that the transfer of electrons rather than their microbial generation through glucose fermentation was
the rate-limiting factor during dechlorination of CT. Immobilized FA increase up to 10.4-fold the rate of CT dechlorination
as compared with the control lacking FA. Immobilization of FA on alumina particles was very stable, and spectrophotometric
screening did not detect any detachment of FA during dechlorination of CT, thus confirming that the enhanced dechlorination
achieved could exclusively be linked to the redox-mediating capacity of immobilized FA. The present study constitutes the
first demonstration that immobilized FA on alumina particles could serve as a solid-phase RM in dechlorination reactions. |
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