基因枪转化技术在动物转基因中应用的研究进展

基因枪转化技术无论在动物还是植物方面都产生了巨大的影响,因粒子介导的转基因方法简单、安全、高效,而越来越被人们所重视。研究结果表明,该转化技术不仅能够用于组织、细胞、器官,甚至可用于一些较难转染的靶目标,同时还可用于体内和体外信息的转换。目前手提式基因枪已广泛应用于皮肤、组织、各种细胞或内脏器官的转染,应用最广的领域是基因治疗,主要包括基因免疫和抑制肿瘤生长。近几年,基因枪技术发展迅速,应用范围越来越广,已经取得了丰硕的成果。作者主要叙述了基因枪转化的基本原理及近年来人们对基因枪转化技术条件的改进,同时就基因枪在动物转基因中的应用和一些主要的研究成果作了阐述,主要包括利用基因枪基因免疫、基因治疗、自杀基因治疗癌症、胚胎转基因、各种动物细胞和器官组织转基因等,并对基因枪技术在动物上应用的优势和不足进行了一些分析,最后展望了基因枪转化技术在动物中的应用前景。

The Advance of Gene Gun-mediated Gene Delivery in Animals

The biolistic technology has had a tremendous impact on research in plant and animal sciences. Particle-mediated gene delivery is known as an efficient method of non-viral gene transfer. And the advantage is that it can be used for both in vitro and in vivo, gene delivery to cells and tissues or organs which are more difficult in transgenesis. The hand-held gene gun is useful for in situ transfection of cells in skin and that of internal organs which is particular useful for animal transgenesis and gene therapy. These findings will arise further interests in application of this technology for more research and even production. This review sums up the progress of gene gun-mediated gene transfer in animals and do some analysis in the potential application of gene gun in animal transgenesis, its strengths and drawbacks, and prospects of the future development the gene gun.