不同基因型燕麦苗期耐盐碱性分析 及其鉴定指标的筛选

为探讨不同基因型燕麦苗期的耐盐碱性，筛选适宜松嫩平原种植的燕麦品种，本研究采用Hoagland营养液水培法，以250 mmol·L^-1高浓度NaHCO₃胁迫模拟松嫩平原盐碱环境，对49份来自国内外不同地区的主栽燕麦品种进行研究。试验测定了250 mmol·L^-1 NaHCO₃胁迫下燕麦的株高（X₁）、根长（X₂）、地上部鲜重（X₃）、地下部鲜重（X₄）、地上部干重（X₅）、地下部干重（X₆）、地上部含水量（X₇）、地下部含水量（X₈）、根冠比（X₉）9个指标，以各单项指标的耐盐碱系数(SATC) 作为衡量耐盐碱性的依据，利用多元分析方法对不同燕麦品种耐盐碱能力进行了综合评价。结果表明：通过对各指标的耐盐碱系数进行主成分分析，得到X₄、X₇、X₈ 3个综合指标，涵盖了全部数据86.155%的信息量；通过隶属函数分析和聚类分析将49份燕麦品种分为3类，其中草莜1号、张燕7、T7等3个品种为耐盐碱品种，HLJ 1、白燕2号等41个品种为中度耐盐碱品种，三分三、坝莜13号等5个品种为盐碱敏感品种。

Analysis of saline|alkaline tolerance in seedling stage and screening of identification indexes of different oat genotypes

In order to explore the salt alkaline bearing capacity of different oat cultivars in seedling stage and screen the oat cultivars, which are well suited for Songnen Plain to grow. This research used Hoagland hydroponics with high concentrations of 250 mmol·L^-1 NaHCO₃ stress to simulate the saline conditions of Songnen Plain, and carried out a study on 49 major oat cultivars, which came from China and abroad. Nine indexes including plant height (X₁), root length (X₂), aboveground fresh weight (X₃), underground fresh weight (X₄), aboveground dry weight (X₅), underground dry weight (X₆), aboveground water content (X₇), underground water content (X₈), and root shoot ratio (X₉) were measured under 250 mmol·L^-1 NaHCO₃ stress. Based on the saline|alkaline tolerance coefficient (SATC) of each individual indicator, different oat cultivars were evaluated by principal components analysis, subordinate function analysis, and clustering analysis. The results showed that three comprehensive indexes including X₄, X₇ and X₈ were obtained by principle component analysis of saline|alkaline tolerance coefficients of all indexes. The comprehensive indexes described 86.155% information of all data. The 49 oat cultivars were divided into three groups through subordinate function analysis and clustering analysis. Among them, Caoyou 1, Zhangyan 7 and T7 were salt|tolerant cultivars, 41 cultivars such as HLJ 1, Baiyan 2 were moderate tolerant to saline|alkaline, 5 cultivars such as Sanfensan, Bayou 13 were sensitive to saline|alkaline tolerance.