规模化种猪场猪瘟免疫情况调研

猪瘟是由猪瘟病毒引起的一种以高热、出血为主要特征的烈性、高度接触性传染病,至今仍在中国广泛流行。接种疫苗是防控该病发生的最根本的方法,为了查清山西省规模化种猪场猪瘟疫苗免疫情况,课题组采用ELISA试剂盒,对8个地市42个规模化种猪场465头哺乳猪、456头保育猪、436头育肥猪、419头母猪进行了猪瘟免疫抗体检测。查明了哺乳猪抗体阳性率平均为70.11%,保育猪抗体阳性率平均为40.57%,育肥猪抗体阳性率平均为50.22%,母猪抗体阳性率平均为69.69%,证明被检猪群免疫抗体不理想,尤其是保育猪抗体水平较低。同时对12个规模化种猪场,4类不同免疫方法免疫猪瘟疫苗的133头哺乳猪、110头保育猪、105头育肥猪、135头母猪进行了免疫抗体检测。结果表明:乳猪在吃奶前超免猪瘟高效细胞苗6头份,21日龄时二免猪瘟高效细胞苗4头份,60日龄三免猪瘟高效细胞苗2头份,母猪产后21 d跟胎免疫效果最好,使保育猪免疫抗体阳性率达到89.29%,有些猪场使用该方法免疫后,使保育猪的死亡率有了明显的降低,生长发育逐渐走向正常;而采用仔猪在断奶后28日龄至35日龄时首免猪瘟普通细胞苗4头份,60日龄二免猪瘟普通细胞苗2头份,母猪产后28 d跟胎免疫的方法效果最差,不宜推广应用。通过对山西一些规模化种猪场猪瘟免疫情况的调研,基本查清了规模化种猪场猪瘟免疫效果和最佳免疫方法,可为养猪场防控猪瘟提供依据。

The Study of Immunization Effects on Classical Swine Fever in Some Scale Pig Farms

Classical swine fever caused by classical swine fever virus is a high fever,bleeding as the main feature of the potent,highly contagious disease and still widely popular in China.Vaccination is the most fundamental methods of the disease prevention and control,in order to identify the immunization effects of classical swine fever in large-scale pig farms of Shanxi,the classical swine fever immune antibody of 465 breast-feeding pigs,456 nursery pigs,436 finishing pigs and 419 sows in the 42 scale pig farms of eight cities were detected by ELISA kits.The test identified the antibody positive rate of breast-feeding pigs averaged of 70.11%,the antibody positive rate of nursery pigs averaged 40.57%,the antibody positive rate of finishing pigs averaged 50.22% and the antibody positive rate of sows averaged 69.69%.It was seized that the immune antibody of the swinery detected was not ideal,especially lower antibody levels in nursery pigs.While the immune antibody of 133 breast-feeding pigs,110 nursery pigs,105 finishing pigs and 135 sows with four different types of classical swine fever vaccine immunity in the 12 large-scale pig farms was detected.The results showed that porket were hyper immunized firstly six copies of classical swine fever efficient cell-free vaccine at birth,then piglets were immunized secondly four copies at two 21-day-old,at last piglets were immunized thirdly two copies at 60-day-old,besides,it was best that postpartum sows were immunized with fetal immunity after 21 days,so that the antibody positive rate of nursery pigs could reach 89.29%,therefore,the mortality of nursery pigs reduced evidently and the growth and development of pigs walk gradually up to normal after using this immune method in some pig farms,while the use of the worst method that the first immunization of piglets between 28-day-old and 35-day-old with four copies of classical swine fever normal cell-free vaccine after ablactation,the second immunization of 60-day-old piglets with two copies,and the immunization of postpartum sows with fetal immunity after 28 days did not sfpread and exploit.Through the study of immunization effects on classical swine fever in some large-scale pig farms of Shanxi,the immune effect of classical swine fever and the best methods of immunization were identified in some large-scale pig farms.It could give a basis for prevention and control of classical swine fever in pig farms.