水稻籼型温敏不育系培矮64 S异交特性研究

研究表明,培矮64 S穗期与花期均较集中,且高峰期突出;花时早,并有明显的开花盛时;柱头外露率高,全花期平均为78.79%.这些对提高制种异交结实率有利.但是,张颖历期较短,47.05%的颖花张颖历期在120 min 以内;柱头小,柱头的长、宽、面积和体积分别为1.196 mm,0.377 mm,0.451 mm~2和0.133 mm~3,且生活力较低,活力系数仅0.83.这些对异交结实不利.因此,应选择花时早、花粉量大、散粉习性好的父本配组;在制种时应集中父本花粉量,缩短授粉期,抓住父本散粉高峰时刻辅助授粉.

STUDY ON OUTCROSSING CHARACTERISTICS OF PEIAI 64S(INDICA)WITH THERMOSENSITIVE GENIC MALE STERILITY

This study reyealed that heading and flowering periods of Peiai 64 S arerelatively in concentration,they show apparent peaks.When its blooming time is early,thepeak in time of blooming is clear.The mean percentage of stigma exsertion in wholeflowering period is high(78.79%).These are easy to increase outcrossing rate in seedproduction.But,the time of glumes opening is short and the time of glume opening of47.05% spikelets is within 120 min,The stigma is small,the length,width,arae and volue ofthe stigma is 1,196 mm,0.377 mm,0.451 mm~2 and 0.133 mm~2,respectively.The vibility ofstigma is weak and vibility coefficient is only 0.83.These are unfavourable to outcross.Therefore,it is necessary to pay attention to its blooming time,pollen amount and dehiscencehabit in choosing male parent of Peiai 64 S.In seed production we must shorten the period ofpollination and pay close attention to supplementary pollination at the time of dehiscencepeak of male parent.