保护性耕作对土壤水温和春玉米产量形成的影响

通过大田试验研究了保护性耕作对土壤水温和春玉米产量形成的影响.结果表明:保护性耕作对土壤的降温效应发生在春玉米生长前期;6种保护性耕作措施中,以铁茬茬间播种,垄沟秸秆覆盖的保水效果最好;6种保护性耕作措施均可提高春玉米的出苗率,穗粒数,干物质积累量及百粒重,有效地提高春玉米产量,其增产效应为Tr5＞Tr3＞Tr4＞Tr6＞Tr1＞Tr2＞CK,增产幅度依次为35.8%、28.1%、21.5%、18.5%、18.1%、14.4%.

Effect of Conservation Tillage on Soil Temperature and Moisture and Yield Formation of Spring Maize

The field experiment was conducted to study the effects of different conservation tillages on soil temperature,moisture and yield formation of spring maize.The results showed that the treatment of straw mulching and sowing between stubble,the soil temperature was lowered during the early growth period of spring maize,but in the latter period the plants grew much more flourishingly than that of the conventional cultivation.Among the six conservation tillages,the straw mulching and sowing between stubble was the best one in water-conserving.The sowing beside ridge,sowing between stubble and sub-soiling during the seeding stage increased the seeding emergency,grain number per ear,dry matter accumulation and weight of 100 grains.To some extent,these five patterns were also effectively increasing the grain yield of spring maize.The order of yield was straw mulching and sowing between stubble > sowing beside ridge > sowing between stubble > sub-soiling during the seeding stage > 2∶0 cultivation > 1∶1 cultivation > conventional pattern,and the yield-increasing rate were 35.3 %,28.1 %,21.5 %,18.5 %,18.1 %and 14.4% respectively compared with the conventional cultivation.