饲料能值评定的发展与当前争论的几个问题

“能”,是物质运动的动力。用能值(energy value)评定饲料营养价值,是当前家畜饲料科学发展的新特点。从1894年始,至今接近百年历史,早期由于看法不一,试验方法存在缺点,因此未能发展。1956年后,各国重视饲料能值(feed energy value)评定的研究工作,进步较快。目前,普遍采用能值代替物质单位,但对以何种能值为标准?能值是否稳定和可加?能值的评定方法是否符合生理代谢过程?仍有较大的争论。本文主要从发展历史及当前争论的问题进行分析和提出一些看法。

THE DEVELOPMENT IN THE EVALUATION OF FEED ENERGY VALUE AND SOME OF THE CONTROVERSAL PROBLEMS ARISED

The kinetic motion of mailer rests on "energv" For the present time. the new trend in animal nutrition science is to employ energy value as a better way in evaluating nutritious feeds. Since 1894. for almost a hundred years. defects in experimental technics made us difficult to check or examine the feeds. Thus. we had different view points on feeds. The effects of contradictory results gave rise to so many opinions. After 1956. all countries in the world considered energy value as high estimate for the feeds. By follow ing this line. the advancement in animal nutrition made a big stride. At present. we generally prefer the new energy value to the old matter units. But. as to the adoption of energy value standard. how stable the energy value is. whether the method of energy evaluation is reliable and in congruence with biological metabolic processes. etc. There remains lots of questions to be settled. This paper tries to introduce the development of animal feeds evaluation. presenting the controversal opinions. with further analysis of them so as to justify our views.